Issues of VIRTUAL REALITY

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Title: Issues of VIRTUAL REALITY

1
Issues of VIRTUAL REALITY

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Members

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Human-Computer Interface

A new discipline.
Human-computer interface a study of an
interaction between man and machine
Involves design, implementation and evaluation of
interactive systems in the context of users task
and work
Interface can presents illusion of simplicity
Interface a contact surface that reflects the
physical properties of the interactions, the
functions to be performed, and the balance of
power and control
User interface is actually a user contact with
an input language of user, an output language for
the machine and a protocol for interaction

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Human-Computer Interface (cont)

Interfaces "blend with the task", and "make tools
invisible" so that "the technology is subervient
to that goal".
Characteristics 'simple', 'self-explanatory',
'adaptive' and 'supportive'.
Richer sensory environment can also be achieved
through use of sound, natural speech recognition,
graphics, gesture input devices, animation,
video, optical media.
Systems include additional interface features to
control components such as optical disks,
videotape, speech digitizers and a range of
devices that support "whole user tasks".

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Human-Computer Interface (cont)

As computers increase in complexity, they are
becoming easier to use
If computers were capable of communicating via
speech, gesture, or handwriting, their keyboards
could become unnecessary and they could be made
smaller
Ability to create adaptive interfaces that can be
quickly tailored to specific user needs hence
when computer communicates via human language and
adapts to user needs, users begin to think of it
as an "intelligent agent" or a human surrogate,
instead of thinking of it as a tool

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Human-Computer Interface (cont)

Designer Requirements
Psychology and cognitive science or the knowledge
of user perceptions.
Know the capability and limitation of someone.
Cognitive and problems solving skills is very
important.
Know how to market the design.
Effective presentation on interface.
Designer also should know the technical writing
to write the manuals and clear representations.

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Intelligent Interface in VE

Intelligent because it can communicate using
human language, or because it performs
intelligent functions, or because it adapts to a
specific task and user
Intelligent interface makes interaction with the
computer easier, more intuitive, and more
flexible.
Intelligent environments are spaces in which
computation is seamlessly used to enhance
ordinary activity.
Interaction in terms of forms that people are
naturally comfortable with.
Not menus, mice and windows but gesture, speech,
context, and affect.
Enhance and simplify interaction with an
interactive 3D graphical system.

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Intelligent Interface in VE (cont)

Relieve users from technical detail and allow
them to communicate with the system in an
intuitive and human-like manner
Three main aspects adaptation to user
preferences, multimodal input, and open and
underspecified input (Interface Agents for
Interacting with Virtual Environments by Britta
Lenzmann)
Allow the user to navigate and manipulate the
virtual world by using simple hand gestures, but
require expensive technical equipment (e.g.,
DataGlove, Head-Mounted Display)

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Intelligent Interface in VE (cont)

User Adaptation
Learning from direct feedback without explicit
acquisition of user data
Adaptation process is achieved by a form of
reinforcement learning
Prototype using simple heuristics, adaptation to
varying users' preferences for different spatial
reference frames can be achieved

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Intelligent Interface in VE (cont)

MultiModal Input
Intuitive human-computer interaction, the
interface should be able to understand and
integrate user instructions of different
modalities
Communicate instructions to the graphical system,
natural language input and simple hand gestures
indicating a direction can be used
Integrating information of these modalities into
one multimodal input should be solved by using
several mode-specific input agents, i.e., a
speech listener agent and a gesture listener
agent, a global input data structure, and a
coordinator input agent.
The listener agents are responsible for receiving
and analyzing the sensor data and for sending
them to the coordinator input agent which stores
all incoming data in the global input data
structure
Integrate the gestural and verbal inputs by
interpreting them as belonging together

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Intelligent Interface in VE (cont)

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Intelligent Interface in VE (cont)

ONR (Office of Naval Research) invest in
fundamental research that is expected to have a
major impact on VE systems of the future.

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Issues in Networked VE

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How to solve bottleneck problem

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Social Impact of Virtual Reality

Impact in manufacturing
E.g. early detection of design flaws that are not
obvious with current technologies until prototype
construction
Impact in educational system
People tend to learn more easily through
experiential exercise, rather than through
memorizing rules
Impact in training
As VR offers such a tool, many types of training
could be carried out efficiently and effectively
through VR

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Virtual Reality in Malaysia and MSC