Consumption, Markets

1
Consumption, Markets Marketing

• From quantitative to qualitative development

2
The Significance of Consumption

• Trends in mainstream enviro regulation
• end of pipe point-source pollution 60s-70s
• to eco-efficiency pollution prevention mid-80s
  on
• to consumption patterns product design mid 90s
  on

3
Significance of Consumption 2

• Potentials for dematerialization quality
• Characteristics of a Green Economy
• From products to services serving need
  resources as means to the end
• Cycles in closed loops the Lake Economy
• --ecosystem model / biomimicry

4
Significance of Consumption 3

• Potentials for human development
• Green economy substitutes human creativity for
  resources energy
• Role of waste in deflecting qualitative
  development, extending cog-labour
• Crucial Question can substantial human
  self-development take place without
  dematerialization?

5
Significance of Consumption 4

• Potentials for democracy self-reliance
• industrialism representative democracy
• knowledge economy direct or participatory
  democracy
• Economic evolution towards multi-stakeholder
  participation

6
History of Mass Consumption Industrialism and
open-ended production

• Capitalism and economic growth the primacy of
  production-for-productions-sake Capitalism, a
  mode of material accumulation
• Consumption as secondary assumed
• The Divided Economy
• Production over consumption
• Workplace over home
• Paid over unpaid work
• Material focus of the economy

7
History 2 The Great Depression

• crisis of effective demand and structural
  overproduction
• The Role of Culture Emerging Potentials
• Intellectual white-collar labour
• Managerial Revolution the visible hand
  bureaucracy
• Corporations as industrial governments
• Rise of Welfare State State Socialism
• New Needs for human development or alienation?
• The rise of People-production

8
History 3 Dilemmas of Effective Demand
Business Confidence

• How to continue economic growth without
  jeopardizing social power embedded in markets?
• Abundance and erosion of class
• Knowledge, culture, complexity and the need for
  planningespecially to plan consumption

9
History 4 The Waste Economy, Demand Artificial
Scarcity

• Permanent War Economy / Cold War
• The Suburb Economy
• Oil / Autos / Subdivisions

10
History 5 Consumption Fragmentation

• Suburbanization gendered space
• women as domestic consumption managers
• Men as cog-labourers
• Suburbanization, the fragmentation of space and
  resource-intensity
• externalization of costs / internalization of
  alienation
• the deskilling of consumers
• alien landscapes decline of the Commons

11
History 6 the Age of Oil

• Need to extend production / consumption loops
• Oil as the life-blood of the suburban economy
• Petrochemicals the Synthetic Economy new
  levels of toxification the abandonment of
  precaution.

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History 7 Redefining Consumption

• Post-Fordism the costs of waste the
  undermining of social contracts
• Austerity the decline of democratic mass
  consumption
• Prosumption the rise of the informal economy
  pressures to reintegrate
• The rise of green economic alternatives

13
Dematerialization Strategies

• limits of private consumerism
• EPR ecodesign and closing loops transformative
  consumerism
• sharing
• information needed to redefine value.
• ESCO model of material wealth creation
• The transformation of Retail
• Media, Education and Conservation
• Green Procurement market creation
• Finance Regulation

14
Retailing

• New Commanding Heights of capitalism Wal-Mart
  and cost-cutting business model.
• reflects importance of end-use
• localization strategies key to closing loops
• Retailers as conservation utilities?
• As learning centres?
• As used materials depots?

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Regenerative or Transformative Consumerism

• Goes beyond protectionism to ecological
  alternatives
• Decreases material consumption, makes it more
  cyclical
• Overcomes both the isolation and the passivity of
  the individual consumer, through sharing and
  prosumption.
• Regenerates humans, community ecosystems.
  Encourages social justice, quality of work life
  and the integrity of natural systems.
• Effects ripple
• upstream to affect extraction processing, and
• downstream to affect disposal.