Mortenson Center

1
Overview of US Educational System

• Mortenson Center
• March 2008

2
Educational System Types

• Public Funded by state and federal
• Parents may pay some portion
• Private
• Religious
• Independent
• Other
• Parents will pay for a larger portion

3
Who is in control?

• Local School Districts
• Local taxes
• Local board
• Parental involvement
• State Overview
• Set standards for state
• Certification for teachers and librarians
• State funding
• State testing
• Federal Intervention
• Overarching issues such as desegregation
• Federal Funding

4
Example of Federal Involvement

• No Child Left Behind Act
• Standards based education reform (outcome-based)
• Increases accountability for primary and
  secondary schools by testing students
• Gives parents more flexibility in choosing
  schools
• All teachers must be highly qualified (state
  certification, bachelors degree, demonstrated
  subject matter).
• States wanting federal funding must comply with
  this Act
• Criticism
• Manipulating the system
• problems with standardized testing
• Narrow curriculum
• Limitations on local control

5
Educational System

• Most states require kindergarten
• Pre-school (not always funded) 3-5 -1 teacher
• Kindergarten 5 - 1 teacher
• Elementary 5 10 1 teacher
• Junior High or Middle School 11-13 team tea.
• High School
• Freshman 14 several teachers
• Sophomores 15 several teachers
• Juniors 16 several teachers - choice
• Seniors 17 several teachers - choice

6
Educational Statistics

• U.S. Graduation rate is about 71
• Whites 78
• African-Americans 56
• Latinos 54
• 64 of graduates go on to college

7
After High School

• Community or Junior Colleges 2 years
• College 4 years or more (smaller)
• University 4 years or more (research focus)
• Universities can have colleges
• Graduate School
• Doctorate or Post-Doctorate Program

8
Private vs. Public Institutions

• University of Illinois 2008 tuition 11,216
• Public universities bigger classes, less
  contact with the faculty, more research
  opportunities, prestige

• Illinois Wesleyan College 2008 tuition 30,580
• Private universities smaller classes, good
  contact with faculty, prestige

9
State of Illinois

• Table 1
• State of Illinois General Tax Appropriations
• (Percent Share of the Total)

Elementary/ Secondary Higher Education DCFS, Human S. , Corrections Public Aid (DHFS) Other
1980 28.8 12.9 10.7 33.8 13.7
1990 26.7 13.1 12.9 30.7 16.6
1995 23.6 11.3 15.9 35.4 13.8
2000 26.3 11.0 25.9 23.1 13.7
2001 26.1 11.1 25.8 23.5 13.6
2002 26.4 11.1 25.8 22.5 14.3
2003 27.0 10.9 26.1 23.3 12.8
2004 28.4 9.9 24.4 29.1 8.2
2005 28.7 8.9 24.3 29.2 8.9
2006 27.9 8.8 23.8 30.6 8.9
10
2008 Budget for University

• Total 1,471 Billion
• Revenues
• Auxiliary enterprises, etc 27
• State and Federal Grants 21
• Tuition and fees 25
• State Funds 17
• Private grants and contracts 8.3

11
2008 University Budget

• Total 34,345,077.00
• Salaries about 52
• Collections about 35
• Operations about 11

12
Governance issues

• University of Illinois has four campuses
• Urbana-Champaign
• Chicago
• Springfield
• Global Campus
• The University Librarian is considered a dean and
  participates in campus-wide discussions with
  other deans
• Librarians have faculty status, must qualify for
  tenure, other librarians are considered academic
  professionals