Endocrinology 2

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Endocrinology 2
2
Gene Expression

• Bases
• Pairing rules
• RNA
• DNA

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DNA elements

• Promoter
• RNA polymerase binding site
• TATA boxes
• GC boxes
• Housekeeping genes
• Enhancers increase transcription
• Silencers decrease transcription
• Locus control regions tissue specific
• DNA methylation
• Associated with gene inactivation

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Protein factors

• Chromatin
• Nucleosomes
• General transcription factors
• Transcriptional Regulatory Factors

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RNA Processing

• Cap
• Poly(A) tail
• Splicing of introns
• May serve to separate functional domains

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Translation

• Open reading frame
• Codons
• What is wobbly?
• Post translational processing
• Preprohormones
• Apoproteins
• Need functional group like heme

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