Multimedia Computer System

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Multimedia Computer System

• ICT 6601
• Multimedia Integrated Devices for Games

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Computer Hardware

• Provides an overview of how computers work on the
  inside.
• Identifies major hardware components of a
  computer system and describes how they interact.

3

• A computer is a machine that performs
  calculations. Most tasks that a computer performs
  follow these steps
• Accept input data.
• Perform calculations on input data.
• Output the result.

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• Hardware of a computer can be subdivided into
  the following components.
• Input Unit
• Output Unit
• Memory Unit

• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Arithmetic And Logic Unit (ALU)
• Secondary Storage Unit

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Central Processing unit (CPU)

• The Central Processing unit (CPU) ????? is a
  microprocessor chip that is central to the entire
  computer.

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Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• Every CPU runs at a certain clock speed.

1 Hz one elementary operation per
second. Recent CPU's have clock speeds as high as
3 GHz ( 3109 Hz) such CPU's can perform as
many as three billion operations in a single
second!
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Memory

• Random Access Memory, (RAM)
• short-term memory
• A typical computer will have at least 512 MB of
  RAM storage 5121068 bits.

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Memory

• ROM read-only memory.
• A ROM chip

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Secondary Storage

• Two types of secondary storage are popular
• hard disks
• and CD-ROMs.

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• A CD-ROM is a plastic disc with microscopic pits
  pressed into it.

• Cross section of a CD disc

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• Inside a CD Player

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• A standard CD-ROM has a capacity of 650 MB, or
  650 106 8 bits
• A DVD-ROM, that works like a CD but can have
  denser pits, has a capacity of 4.5 GB, or
  4.510998 bits.

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Hard Disk Basics

• Hard disks have a hard platter to hold the
  magnetic mediums.
• Use magnetic recording techniques.

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Hard Disk Drive
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Inside a Hard Disk




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Storing the Data

• Data is stored on the surface of a platter in
  sectors and tracks. Tracks are concentric
  circles, and sectors are pie-shaped wedges on a
  track, like this

• A typical track is shown in yellow a typical
  sector is shown in blue. A sector contains a
  fixed number of bytes -- for example, 256 or 512.
  Either at the drive or the operating system
  level, sectors are often grouped together into
  clusters.

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Graphics Card Basics

• The CPU, with software applications, sends
  information about the image to the graphics card.

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Graphics Card Basics

• The graphics card decides how to use the pixels
  on the screen to create the image.
• 3. It then sends that information to the
  monitor through a cable.

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Graphics Card Basics
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Before Sound Card

• Before the invention of the sound card, a PC
  could make one sound - a beep.
• It could change the beep's frequency and
  duration, but it couldn't change the volume or
  create other sounds.
• Developers created music for the earliest PC
  games using beeps of different pitches and
  lengths. This music was not particularly realistic

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• PC sound card

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3-D vs. Surround Sound

• Game designers use 3-D sound to provide
  fast-paced, dynamic sound that changes based on a
  player's position in the game.
• Surround sound also uses sound from several
  directions, but the sound does not change based
  on the listener's actions. Surround sound is
  common in home theater systems.

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BIOS

• On virtually every computer available, the BIOS
  makes sure all the other chips, hard drives,
  ports and CPU function together.
• What BIOS DoesIts most important role is to load
  the operating system.

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Ports

• Port connect any peripheral device to a
  computer.
• Most computers are equipped with at least the
  traditional serial and parallel ports. Another
  port that is becoming increasingly standard is
  the USB (for "Universal Serial Bus") port.
• This type of port can be used to connect any of a
  wide range of devices. Many devices nowadays
  feature a USB connection.

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USB

• Connect toward the computer.

• Connect to individual devices.

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Running out of ports ?

• A typical USB four-port hub accepts 4 connections

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Mouse

• In connection with a monitor, a mouse allows the
  user to graphically interact with the computer.
• Inside a mouse

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keyboard

• allows the user to input data into the computer.

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Monitor
Enables the computer to provide information to
the user by displaying it on the screen.
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Speakers/headphones

• Enables the user to listen to the sounds produced
  by the computer.

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Microphone

• allows the user to record external sound into
  the computer also for use in speech recognition.

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Joystick ???

• nowadays mainly for use in computer games.

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Printer

• allows the user to print documents.

Inkjet Printer
Laser Printer
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Webcam

• A simple Webcam consists of a digital camera
  attached to your computer.

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QUESTION AND ANSWER
End