Realising the scholarly knowledge cycle - eBank UK

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e-Research trends, requirements and challenges
Dr Liz Lyon, UKOLN, University of Bath,
UK Cross Research Council ICT Conference NeSC,
Edinburgh, May 2004
UKOLN is supported by
www.bath.ac.uk
www.ukoln.ac.uk
a centre of expertise in digital information
management
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Overview

• Looking at the trends
• Open access publishing
• Diversification of resources
• Identifying requirements
• Towards a common infrastructure
• Virtual research environments
• The scholarly knowledge cycle
• A changing landscape
• The eBank UK Project
• Challenges for the future

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Looking at the trends
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The next generation of research breakthroughs
will rely upon new ways of handling the immense
amounts of data that are being produced by modern
research methods and equipment, such as
telescopes, particle accelerators, genome
sequencers and biological imagers.Similar
developments are having an impact in the arts and
humanities, and in the social sciences.

• A Vision for Research,
• Research Councils UK, December 2003.

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Report of the National Science Foundation
Blue-Ribbon Advisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure
2003 http//www.cise.nsf.gov/sci/reports/toc.cfm

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Open Access - a global initiative

• US Sabo Bill (Public Access to Science)
• DAREnet Dutch scientific results
• Australian government statement
• Berlin Declaration (BOAI)
• WSIS Declaration of Principles Plan of Action
• Wellcome Trust statement
• JISC FAIR Programme
• UK Parliament Science Technology Committee
  Inquiry on Scientific Publications

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The governments of 34 countriesrecognising
that open accessto.data promotes scientific
progress declare their commitment to work
towards the establishment of access regimes for
digital research datain accordance with the
following principles.openness, transparency,
legal conformity, formal responsibility,
professionalism, protection of IPR,
interoperability, quality and security,
efficiency, accountability..

• OECD Declaration on access to research data from
  public funding.
• January 2004

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e-Research trends summary

• Increasingly dataintensive, quantitative
• Open access to data and information
• Implementing new science
• Inter-disciplinary
• New disciplines e.g. Astro-informatics
• New skills requirements
• IT statistics domain
• Collaborative
• Highly distributed resources

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Distributed resources.used in new ways

• Primary / original data
• Observational, experimental, numeric, genomic,
  2/3D molecular structures, satellite images,
  electron micrographs, wave spectra, CAD, musical
  compositions, VR, performances, animations
• Data and information
• Creation, discovery, gathering, aggregation,
  dis-aggregation, replication, federation,
  manipulation, transformation, linking,
  annotation, editing/versioning, validation,
  (self-)archiving, deposit, publication, curation
• Knowledge extraction and management
• Analysis (textual, musical, statistical,
  mathematical, visual, chemical, gene)
• Mining (text, data, structures)
• Modelling (economic, mathematical, biological..)
• Simulation (molecular, physical, environmental,
  games)
• Presentation (visualisation, rendering.)

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Identifying requirements
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Towards a common infrastructure

• UK e-Science Programme JISC Development
• e-Science Phase 2 2003 2006
• An Open Middleware Infrastructure Institute
  (OMII) based on open standards (Web Services)
• JISC Information Environment
• Technical architecture based on open standards
  (Web Services, OAI-PMH, Z39.50, RSS..)
  http//www.ukoln.ac.uk/distributed-systems/jisc-ie
  /arch/
• JISC e-Learning Programme
• Technical Framework to support E-Learning
  http//www.cetis.ac.uk/members/frameworks/index.ht
  ml

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Virtual Research Environments vision?

• Standards-based, service-oriented framework
• Open standards WSRF, WSRP, WSDL?
• Modular, distributed and interoperable tools
• Integrated
• Resource creation, publishing, sharing, discovery
• Managed / secure / sustainable
• Access, rights, archives
• Usable and accessible
• Meet user requirements
• Personalised
• Customised presentation and services
• Intelligent agents
• Delegate routine tasks
• Extensible
• Ease of adding new compliant tools
• Collaborative
• Shared interaction, Access Grid?
• Portable / ubiquitous access
• Wireless, mobile devices

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Disciplinary differences

• Arts and humanities, social sciences
• Lone researcher culture but changing
• Data
• Qualitative
• Observational
• Not repeatable
• Incomplete
• Time dependent
• Ethical and data protection issues
• Not always shared
• Tools and methodologies
• Partially developed
• Legacy tools
• Cognitive styles, browsing, searching
• Performing and visual arts
• Skills
• Lack of experience of distributed computing

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The scholarly knowledge cycle
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Presentation services subject, media-specific,
data, commercial portals
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Data creation / capture / gathering laboratory
experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Aggregator services national, commercial
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Harvestingmetadata
Research e-Science workflows
Repositories institutional,
e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Deposit / self-archiving
Validation
Validation
Publication
Linking
Peer-reviewed publications journals, conference
proceedings
Data curation databases databanks
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Presentation services subject, media-specific,
data, commercial portals
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Data creation / capture / gathering laboratory
experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Aggregator services national, commercial
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Harvestingmetadata
Research e-Science workflows
Repositories institutional,
e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Deposit / self-archiving
Validation
Validation
Publication
Linking
Peer-reviewed publications journals, conference
proceedings
Data curation databases databanks
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Presentation services subject, media-specific,
data, commercial portals
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Data creation / capture / gathering laboratory
experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Aggregator services national, commercial
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Harvestingmetadata
Research e-Science workflows
Repositories institutional,
e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Deposit / self-archiving
Validation
Validation
Publication
Linking
Peer-reviewed publications journals, conference
proceedings
Data curation databases databanks
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Presentation services subject, media-specific,
data, commercial portals
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Aggregator services national, commercial
Learning object creation, re-use
Harvestingmetadata
Learning Teaching workflows
Repositories institutional,
e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Institutional presentation services portals,
Learning Management Systems, u/g, p/g courses,
modules
Deposit / self-archiving
Validation
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Validation
Peer-reviewed publications journals, conference
proceedings
Quality assurance bodies
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Presentation services subject, media-specific,
data, commercial portals
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Data creation / capture / gathering laboratory
experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Aggregator services national, commercial
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Learning object creation, re-use
Harvestingmetadata
Learning Teaching workflows
Research e-Science workflows
Repositories institutional,
e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Institutional presentation services portals,
Learning Management Systems, u/g, p/g courses,
modules
Deposit / self-archiving
Deposit / self-archiving
Validation
Validation
Publication
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Validation
Linking
Peer-reviewed publications journals, conference
proceedings
Quality assurance bodies
Data curation databases databanks
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Presentation services subject, media-specific,
data, commercial portals
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Data creation / capture / gathering laboratory
experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Learning object creation, re-use
Aggregator services eBank UK
Harvestingmetadata
Learning Teaching workflows
Research e-Science workflows
Repositories institutional,
e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Institutional presentation services portals,
Learning Management Systems, u/g, p/g courses,
modules
Deposit / self-archiving
Deposit / self-archiving
Validation
Validation
Publication
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Validation
Linking
Peer-reviewed publications journals, conference
proceedings
Quality assurance bodies
Data curation databases databanks
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eBank UK project

• JISC-funded for 1 year from September 2003
• UKOLN (lead), University of Southampton,
  University of Manchester
• Building the links between research data,
  scholarly communication and learning
• e-Science testbed Combechem
• Grid-enabled combinatorial chemistry
• Crystallography, laser and surface chemistry
• Development of an e-Lab using pervasive computing
  technology
• National Crystallography Service
• Resource Discovery Network PSIgate physical
  sciences portal
• http//www.ukoln.ac.uk/projects/ebank-uk/

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Challenges for the future
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Issues and implications 1

• Towards a common infrastructure
• Incremental convergence?
• Common Information Environment
• Institutional
• Grid client problem
• Managing trusted digital repositories
• Describing resources
• Standard metadata schema for data?
• CLRC Scientific Metadata Model vs 1.0 2001 (under
  revision)
  http//www-dienst.rl.ac.uk/library/2002/tr/dltr-20
  02001.pdf
• Richness and complexity vs simplicity and sharing
• Semantic descriptions and shared ontologies
• Identifiers generic and domain

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Issues and implications 2

• Human resources
• Awareness of developments
• Engagement and roles
• Skills development
• JISC Awareness Training Environment for
  e-Social Science
• JISC ICT Awareness Training Programme for AH
• Cultural
• Willingness to share data
• Legal
• IPR, consent, privacy
• Funders
• Incentives to engage

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Presentation services subject, media-specific,
data, commercial portals
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Data creation / capture / gathering laboratory
experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Learning object creation, re-use
Aggregator services eBank UK
Harvestingmetadata
Learning Teaching workflows
Research e-Science workflows
Repositories institutional,
e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Institutional presentation services portals,
Learning Management Systems, u/g, p/g courses,
modules
Deposit / self-archiving
Deposit / self-archiving
Validation
Validation
Publication
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Validation
Linking
Peer-reviewed publications journals, conference
proceedings
Quality assurance bodies
Data curation databases databanks
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Potential longer term impact

1. Track data, information and workflows in
   e-research and scholarly communications
   knowledge audit??
2. Validate the accuracy and authenticity of derived
   works ideas audit??
3. Facilitate explicit referencing and
   acknowledgment of original contributors
   intellectual integrity??
4. Raise standards associated with publication of
   research outputs academic publishing rigour??
5. Implement open access to and dissemination of
   data and information enhance the research
   process??
6. Give students links to original data underpinning
   published works enhance the learning process??

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Thank you.Questions?..