Stephen Weinstein

1
Services Programming for 3G (and beyond) Mobile
Networks

• Stephen Weinstein
• NEC USA CC Research Laboratories
• Princeton, N.J., USA
• Stephen Weinstein
• March, 2000

2
Programmable Service Node in the 3G/4G Mobile
Network
Mars
SN
Compatibility/extensibility through edge network
adaptation and IP internetworking
RNC
Private Networks
ISP
ISP
SN
Telephony Gateways
Wireless LAN e.g. IEEE 802.11
Cellular mobile provider IP backbone with QoS
services
Hot spot wireless LAN gt25Mbps
SN
IP pen
RNC
SN
RNC
IP camera
RNC
IP scanner
BS
US TDMA
PDA
GSM
CDMA
IP appliances
IP car
Virtual keyboard (IP finger accelerometers)
IP eyeglasses
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Concepts for Future Mobility Services Networks
- Internet-oriented, peer-to-peer architecture
with no central mobile switching center. - IP
foundation - Almost all applications
IP-based. - IP-based network (which may build
reliable links, such as MPLS paths, on ATM
for QoS treatment of voice and other priority
traffic). - Less guaranteed but cheap and
convenient extended access through LANs,
extranets, etc. - Both wired and wireless
mobility. - Support of diverse air
interfaces. (more)
4
Concepts for Future Mobility Services Networks
(continued)
- Intelligence at the edge (e.g. programmable
service node). - Programmable interworking
conversions example SS7 - IP network
signaling TDMA frame -
IP packet user data - Programmable services
for users - Support for IP appliances, no
longer computer peripherals. -
Location-based services (local yellow pages,
DNS, printer, navigation, ). - Virtual
Private Networks (VPNs). - Network
adaptation to the visitor rather than the other
way around. - Programmable operator
features - Policy-based traffic
treatments (classification, routings, mappings in
network services). - Custom management
features (e.g. line interface configurations,
traffic measurements). - Active network
features (content-based routing, dynamic
cacheing, )
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Example GSM-ATM Interworking Function
Thomas Kuehnel, kuehnel_at_ccrl.nj.nec.com
SDL Code Generation
Call control functional specification Signaling
transformation
Address Server
Control plane
SS7 Stack
ATM UNI
Q2931 SAAL
SCCP MTP3 MTP2
GSM A-Interface
ATM NIC
E1 NIC
ATM
User plane
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Policy-Based Services
An old/new concept QoS treatment/choice of core
network service for most (not all) communication
sessions determined by policy, not in per-session
UNI signaling
UNI
Access router, mux, PBX, base station,
Public Network
Users
Signaling proxies
Addressing info and user data
Policy implementation (including executables)
Policies
More accurately Invocation of core network
services delegated to an access system-network
interface
Policy specifier (network operator, systems
administrator, department head, .)
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Example of a Programmed Policy-Based Service
GUEST IP
Jens-Peter Redlich, redlich_at_ccrl.nj.nec.com,
pat. pending
- Host network adapts to the visitor, emulating
visitors home network. - No reconfiguration of
IP parameters in visitors device. - Care/of IP
address used for visitor traffic going outside
host network. - Selective (and automatic) access
to local resources printer, DNS, ... -
Supports multiple devices with the same (private)
IP address. Not full mobility visitors
location is not (necessarily) registered with
home agent. Will be tested at NOMS 2000
(Honolulu, April 10-14, 2000).
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Guest IP
Hosts guest network
IP Address translation
visiting device
care/of
Visitors home network
(Optional) IP Tunnel
Firewall
Intelligent Router
IP Tunnel
Firewall
visiting devices
Hosts private network
Access to selected local resources
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Programming Modes
Pre-installed
Dynamic loading/unloading
Active Network
Access Node
Access Node
Access Node
Resources API
Resources API
Processor
Processor
Processor
Infrequent installations upgrades
Network operator
Equipment vendor software
Open-market software vendor
Open-market software vendor
Request
Network operator
Open-market software vendor
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IEEE P1520 Router Resources API (L-Interface)
http//www.ieee-pin.org
Interface in CORBA IDL Methods discover(.),
get(.), set(.), delete(.), add(.), modify(.),
Classifier
Forward
Queue scheduling
CPU cycles
Memory
(and others)
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Programming API Different from Switch/Router
Control Protocol
Software Vendor Y
Software Vendor Z
Software Vendor X
IEEE P1520
MSF
API
Forwarding environment Line interface card
(configuration, assignment of execution
resources) Bus or switching fabric Generic
components classifier, dropper, shaper,
scheduler Custom components Load/unload
executables
Alternative protocols
Execution environment CPU allocation to
threads Memory alloc. to threads Security
separations (to be implemented)
.
GSMP
Switch/router functionalities
Execution Environment on a switch or router

• API offers
• Isolation from particular switch control protocol
  
• Methodology (inheritance) for extension of
  functionality legacy software still
• usable after API adds new functionality.

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Intelligent Router Platform
Mapping into core network services
Classified traffic
Alternative core network services
Internet MPLS, DiffServ, IntServ
IP Applications
Sche- duling
ATM network SVCs
IP Traffic mix
IP traffic Classifier
Frame Relay
Virtual Networks
Signaling proxies
Operator
CORBA router object
Special processing module
Scheduling module
Dynamically loadable and unloadable modules
FTP or HTTP
Policies
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Intelligent Router Platform

• PC/Linux on 230MHz and above machines
• Handles traffic of loaded 100BaseT LAN
• (Precompiled) executable modules loaded for
  operational functions and policy-based
• services
• Examples implemented or planned Guest IP,
  Mobile IP, virtual router slices, VPNs,
• 
  signaling proxies and conversions,
  enroute
• processing, IP appliance
  support protocols,
• Radio Node Controller support
  protocols for
• diverse air interfaces

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Conclusions
Programmability for mobile networks supports
- Home away from home services for users of
phones, computers, IP appliances. - Protocol
and data structuring implementations and
transformations - Accommodation of
multiple air interfaces and legacy systems.
- Internetworking extensibility -
Policy-based services set by organizations and
users minimizing signaling requirements by
the end user for typical traffic types. - An
open market in creation of new mobile
capabilities and services.