A New World Order

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A New World Order? Globalization 1989 - PRESENT
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When did the Cold War End?
1989?
1990?
1991?
1992?
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Why did the Cold War end??
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1. Ideological Explanation

• Implosion Theory
• USSR collapsed from within
• Devoid of creativity
• Devoid of Competition
• Devoid of Incentive
• The base it was founded on were the seeds of its
  destruction

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2. Idiosyncratic Explanation

• Personality Theory It is people who made the
  difference
• Gorbachev 1st leader of USSR to graduate from
  College
• Perestroika reform
• Glasnost free exchange of
  information

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2. Idiosyncratic Explanation

• Ronald Reagan
• won the Cold War
• This would demean 50 years
  on Containment
• Gorbechev unleashed forces he could not control
• Yeltsin (former Mayor of Moscow) pushed for
  democratic reforms

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3. Systemic Theories

• Strategic Overstretch Soviet put too many
  resources overseas
• No way could they maintain their empire
• Containment Constant Pressure from the West
• Reagans - 3Trillion Defense Budget
• SDI Strategic Defense Initiative A Shield
  (Force Field) The system was going to cost a
  fortune

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Transitions from Communism
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Germany
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German Reunification - Political Issues

• Problems
• The term reunification was avoided, why?
• Re-writing of the Constitution
• Establishing a new capital in Berlin

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German Reunification - Political Issues

• Successes
• Two Plus Four Treaty
• Dec. 1990 1st Free Elections since 1932
• Relationships with other Western Democracies
• NATO Afghanistan
• November 2005 Dr. Angela Merkel First female
  elected Chancellor

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German Reunification - Economic Issues

• Problems
• Privatization of East Germany At What Cost?
• Despite investment from West many East German
  businesses collapsed
• Today German Govt still allocates 10 billion
  euros annually for east German development
• Former East Germany entered a recession

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German Reunification - Economic Issues

• Successes
• Center of the European Union
• In 2007 its the 3rd richest economy

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German Reunification - Social Issues

• Problems
• Migration of East Germans into West Germany
• High Unemployment in East
• Ever widening gap between East and West standard
  of living

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German Reunification - Social Issues

• Successes
• New Jobs, new opportunities
• Free movement of people
• West Germany was there to support East Germany

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German Reunification

• Was it a failure?
• Was it a success?
• What do you predict for the future of Germany and
  why?

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Russia
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Russia - Political Issues

• Problems
• Yeltsin
• Corruption
• Chechnya
• Used as propaganda for Yeltsin

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Russia - Political Issues

• Successes
• Putin
• Democracy is the dictatorship of Law
• Aim to restore strong government

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Russia - Economic Issues

• Problems
• Yeltsin
• Food Shortages
• 1994 Inflation increased 14 a month
• Black Market
• 1998 Government devalued the currency
  shockwaves throughout the International Markets

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Russia - Economic Issues

• Successes
• The highly educated workers profited from their
  connections with technology and business

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Russia - Social Issues

• Problems
• Ethnic and religious battles
• Chechnya Terrorism
• Organized Crime
• Influx of refugees Russians who had been sent
  to colonize former Soviet States
• 1993 900,000 returned to Russia
• Brain Drain

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Russia - Social Issues

• Successes
• Open Media
• More access to Western products

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RUSSIA'S TRANSITION

• Was it a failure?
• Was it a success?
• What do you predict for the future of Russia and
  why?

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Eastern Europe
Assignment Choose one of the following
countries and complete the chart showing the
Political, Economic, Religious, and Social issues
surrounding its transition from Communism in the
1990s. Czech Republic Slovakia Poland Romania Ukra
ine Belarus Lithuania Latvia Estonia Hungary Yugos
lavia
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Internationalization A New World Order
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The Role of the United Nations

• Less use of Veto Power in Security Council
• More UN peacekeeping operations than in its
  entire history
• 1991 Persian Gulf War

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The Role of NATO

• What was its original purpose?
• Is that still a legitimate purpose?
• Changing Enemies Communism to Terrorism
• Should NATO expand to include former Communist
  States? Why?

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The European Union

• Major Dates in EU History
• 1957 Treaty of Rome European Economic
  Community EEC
• France
• Belgium
• Netherlands
• W. Germany
• Luxumbourg
• Italy

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The European Union

• 1986 Single European Act
• Committed to complete economic integration by
  1992 (12 members)
• 1994 Maastricht Treaty European Union EU
• 1999 Intro of euro for use by financial
  institutions
• 2002 euro put into general use

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The European Union

• 2004- Expansion to include some former Communist
  States
• Estonia
• Latvia
• Lithuania
• Poland
• Czech Rep.
• Slovakia
• Hungary
• Slovenia
• Helped with successful transitions to Market
  Economies
• Stabilization

• 2007 Expansion
• Romania
• Bulgaria

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The European Union

• What does the future hold for the EU?
• Turkey??
• Russia??
• A Unified European State??

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New Global Issues
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Global Warming

• EU involvement setting regulations and
  standards for Industries in Europe
• The Green Party gaining more and more influence
  in Europe as a Transnational Political Party

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Tensions in the Middle East

• Arab Israeli Conflict
• Afghanistan
• Iraq War

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Terrorism

• 2001 September 11 Attacks on NYC
• 2004 Attack on Train in Madrid, Spain
• 2006 London Tube and Bus Bombs

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International Health Scares

• AIDS
• SARS

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Culture and Society
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Migration
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Cultural Diffusion

• Globalization could mean an International
  Culture
• T.V. BBC America, Baywatch etc.
• Movies Life is Beautiful
• Internet YouTube, Facebook, MySpace, Skype etc.
• Cultural exports are disproportionately from the
  West especially the US

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Cultural Diffusion

• Global Celebrities
• Michael Jordan
• David Beckham
• Hideki Matsui

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Cultural Diffusion

• Global Companies
• McDonalds
• Coca Cola
• Starbucks
• Nike

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Post Modern Architecture

• Problematizing History
• Mixing past and present
• Questioning the authority of history
• Recognizing the presence of the past

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Oversized Chippendale Pediment
Sleek, classical facade
Sony Building in NYC
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High-tech gleaming skyscrapters
Low-tech Street hawkers, Hand carts, Night
markets, bicycles
Mix of languages and signs Western and Asian
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Hong Kong

• Mix of architectural styles
• Art Deco from 1920s/30s
• High Modern International of 1960s

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Guggenheim Museum - Bilbao, Spain
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Post Modern Art

• Loss of the real
• Authentic and original are simulated
• Copies are taken for the real thing
• Playfulness, pastiche, kitsch

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Rainforest Cafe
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Tropicana Hotel And Resort In Atlantic City
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Post Modern Art

• 4. Uncertainty, indecision, rootlessness
• A willingness to live with these
• Intense self-consciousness
• I am myself writing this
• I am here and understand the fictional construct
  of here and now

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• Alternative Realities and Virtual Travel
• Post-tourist stays at home, travel is abstract
  or virtual
• Surfs the web
• T.V.
• Video
• The Matrix the world makes a copy of itself