Computer Systems in Perspective

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Computer Systemsin PerspectiveComputers for
21st Century Educators, Sixth Ed.

• Chapter 2

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• Computer Technology
• A Brief History

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EARLY DATA PROCESSING DEVICES TIME
FRAME DEVICE / INDIVIDUAL

• B.C.
• 17th Century
• 18th Century
• 19th Century

• Abacus
• Tooth and Gear Adding Machine
• Blaise Pascal
• Gottfried Leibniz
• Automated Loom
• Joseph-Marie Jacquard
• Analytical Engine
• Charles Babbage Lady Ada Lovelace

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Two Lines of Development Unit Record
Stored Data

• Automated Loom
• Jacquard
• US Census 1880/90
• Hollerith
• US Census 1910
• Powers
• Forerunners of IBM Unisys formed

• Analytical Engine
• Babbage / Lady Ada
• Atanasoff / Berry
• Mark I / ENIAC / EDVAC
• Von Neumann
• Modern Computer Era

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THE MODERN COMPUTER ERAGENERATION
TECHNOLOGY

• First Tubes
• Second Transistors
• Third Integrated Circuits
• Fourth Microelectronics (chips)

Further Information
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• Computer Technology Overview

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- HARDWARE -Physical System Overview

• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Memory
• Input Devices
• Output Devices
• Storage Devices
• Connectivity (modems)

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A Computer System
Memory
Input Devices
Output Devices
C P U
Storage
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- HARDWARE -THE PHYSICAL SYSTEM

• CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
• Control Unit
• Arithmetic / Logic Unit (ALU)
• MEMORY
• Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Read-Only Memory (ROM)

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- HARDWARE -THE PHYSICAL SYSTEM

• INPUT DEVICES
• Keyboard
• Pointer
• Scanner
• Voice / Handwriting Recognition
• Joystick
• Graphics Pad
• Touch screen

• OUTPUT DEVICES
• Displays
• CRT Monitor
• LCD
• Resolution
• Printer
• Inkjet
• Laser
• Interface method

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- HARDWARE -THE PHYSICAL SYSTEM

• STORAGE DEVICES
• Diskettes and Cartridges
• Hard Disks
• Optical Discs
• CD
• DVD
• CONNECTIVITY
• Modems
• Speed

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Inside a PC
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Inside a PC
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-SOFTWARE-MAKING THE SYSTEM WORK

• Software vs Hardware
• Software Concepts
• Program
• Programming
• Programmer
• Operating Systems

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OPERATING SYSTEMS

• Need for an OS
• Booting / Rebooting
• Soft vs. Hard
• Text to Graphical (GUI)
• Apple II MS-DOS
• Mac OS
• Windows

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OPERATING SYSTEMS

• System Operation Tasks
• Screen control
• Keyboard pointer input
• Interfacing
• System Utility Tasks
• Format
• Copy
• Erase / Delete