VHE ray detectors in the Sierra Negra site

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VHE ?-ray detectors in the Sierra Negra site

• Alberto Carramiñana
• Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y
  Electrónica
• Future Gamma-ray Observatories
• Santa Fe, NM 12-May-2006

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Cofre de Perote
La Malinche
Sierra Negra Citlaltepetl
Popo Izta
Nevado de Toluca
Elección sitio, 1997
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?100 km
Ciudad de México
Sierra Negra
Puebla
Orizaba
Córdoba
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?-ray astronomy with GTM/LMT the synergy with
GLAST
SEQUOIA Array of 32 heterodyne receivers tunable
between 80 and 115 GHz
SPEED Array of 4 frequency selective bolometers ?
simultaneous observations at 2.1, 1.4, 1.1 and
0.85mm.

• The history of (obscured) galaxy formation in the
  Universe mm path to the EBL
• 3 mm VLBI?
  Imaging the Galactic center back hole
• Gamma-ray bursts
  afterglows host galaxies
• Blazars
  multiwavelength IR background formation of
  AGNs
• Nearby galaxies
  CO mapping ? GLAST emission models

AzTEC Bolometer camera (144) ? continuum
mapping at 1mm.
redshifts receiver has seen its first light
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Typical rms sensitivity ? 3 mJy.Hz1/2
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Consorcio Sierra Negra

• Sierra Negra
• from 4.6 km (15,000 feet) altitude
• 19 latitude N
• 4.5 hrs drive from Mexico City 2 hr from
  Puebla.
• Consorcio SN All experiments at Sierra Negra
  site
• GTM the 50m millimeter telescope (INAOE
  UMass)
• RT5 solar and ISM 5m radio telescope
  (INAOE, IGeoUNAM, IAUNAM)
• Solar neutron monitor in operation!
  (IGeoUNAM)
• Antineutrones in construction (IFUNAM)
• Rayos cósmicos operative in expansion (FCFM
  - BUAP)
• Seismological study of Citlaltepetl
  (FI - BUAP)
• MiniHawc?

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HE Solar neutron event at Sierra Negra
Espectro de neutrones solares para el evento del
7 septiembre 2005
I ? E-3.9 para Egt100 MeV
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Interest for MiniHAWC in Mexican institutions

• UNAM I. Ciencias Nucleares
• Lukas Nelllen (AGN - Auger)
• G. Medina-Tanco (HECR)
• UNAM I. Geofísica
• José Valdés Galicia (Sun)
• Alejandro Lara (Sun)
• Universidad de Puebla
• Humberto Salazar (CR)
• Oscar Martínez (CR astro)
• Cesar Álvarez (CR astro)
• L. Díaz, Arturo Fernández
• Universidad Michoacan
• Luis Villaseñor (CR - Auger)
• CINVESTAV
• Arnulfo Zepeda (CR - Auger)
• Universidad de Guanajuato
• David Delepine, Moreno, Napsuciale, Reyes, Ureña
  (particles)
• Andernach, Coziol, Migenes (astronomy dept)

• INAOE
• Alberto Carramiñana (gamma astronomy - LMT
  synergy)
• Eduardo Mendoza (Sun, ISM)
• UNAM Inst. Astronomía
• Magdalena González (GRBs)
• Dany Page (NS - th)
• William Lee (GRBs - th)
• Hector Hernández (opt. mw)
• UNAM Inst. Física
• Arturo Menchaca (CR - exp)
• Rubén Alfaro (CR - exp)
• Andres Sandoval (CR - exp)
• Ernesto Belmont (CR - exp)

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Citlaltepetl y Sierra Negra, marzo 2003
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1 km
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MiniHawc feasability

• Identified location at 4050m
• National Park authorities contacted and
  supportive (Consorcio SN promotes the National
  Park Management Plan).
• First quotation and study for bringing up water
  (at 10 l/s ? 4 months)
• Quotations for studies
  for demelting and digging
  the pond in process

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Further possibilities

• A 4_at_4 in Sierra Negra (spot at 4.3km)
• San Pedro Mártir very dark site in the Baja
  California at 2.8 km with the OAN
  facilities

• A deep search for dark, high duty cycle and
  extended sites above 2.5 - 3 km? ?
  infrastructure development