Fishes Found in the Rio Grande

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Fishes Found in the Rio Grande

• BY Jessica Gutierrez
• Brigette Garay

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Outline

• I. Kinds of Fishes (or Types of Fishes).
• A.  Flathead and Channel Catfish
• B.  Black Drum
• II. Where Fish Live.
• A.  Salt Water
• B.  Fresh water
• III. The Senses of a Fish.
• A.  Sight
• B.  Hearing
• C.  Smell
• D.  Taste
• E.  Touch and
  the lateral line system
• F.  Other senses
  
• 
  IV. Reproduction.
• A. 
  Preparation for spawning
• B. 
  Spawning and Care of the eggs

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Kinds of Fishes

• Catfish(Pylodictis olivaris)
• Catfish is the name of a large group of fish.
• Most catfish have two to four pairs of whiskers.
• More than 2,000 species of catfish also have
  sharp spines on the back fins and on the fins
  near the gills.
• The spines of some kinds of catfish give off a
  poison when they pierce another animal.
• Unlike other fish, catfish have no scales over
  their skin.

• Black Drum (Pogonias cromis)
• Drum is a member of about 160 species of fishes.
• Some drum are also called croakers.
• Drums get their name from the sound some of them
  make during the mating season.
• They tighten certain muscles in their abdomen to
  produce vibrations that sound like drumming.

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Where fish Live

• CATFISH
• Some kinds of catfish live in fresh water, and
  others in saltwater.
• A few species of catfish live in swift streams.
• Drum
• Many kinds of drum live in warm, shallow ocean
  water near the shores of most continents.
• These fish spend part of their early life in
  fresh water rivers or in bays where fresh and
  salt water are mixed.

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The senses of a Fish

• Like all vertebrates, fish have sense organs that
  tell them what is happening in their environment.
  The organs enable them to see , hear, smell,
  taste, and touch.
• Sight
• Most fish can see to the right and to the
  left at the same time.
• A fishs eyes are kept moist by the flow of
  water over them.
• They do not need to be shielded from
  sunlight because sunlight is seldom extremely
  bright underwater.
• Hearing
• All fish can probably hear sounds produced
  in the water.
• Fish can also hear sounds made on shore or
  above the water if they are load enough.
• Catfish have a keen sense of hearing.
• Fish have an inner ear endorsed in a
  chamber on each side of the head. Each ear
  consist of a group of pouches and tube like
  canals.
• Fish have no outer ears or eardrums to
  receive sound vibrations.
• Sound vibrations are carried to the inner
  ears by the body tissues.
• Smell
• All fish have a sense of smell. In most
  fish, the olfactory organs (organs of smell)
  consist of two pouches, one on each side of the
  snout.
• The pouches are lined with nerve tissue
  that is highly sensitive to others from
  substances in the water.
• A nostril at the front of each pouch allows
  water to enter the pouch and pass over the
  tissue.

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• Taste
• Most fish have taste buds in various parts
  of the mouth. Some species also have them on
  other parts of the body.
• Catfish and a number of other fish have
  whisker like feelers called barbells near the
  mouth.They use the barbells both to taste and to
  touch.
• Touch in the lateral line system
• Most fish have a well developed sense of
  touch.
• Nerve ending throughout the skin the slam
  react to the sughtest pressure and change of
  temperatures.
• The lateral Line system senses changes on
  the movement of water. It consumes mainly of a
  series of tiny canals under the slam.
• Other senses
• Which include those that help a fish keep
  in balance and avoid
• unfavorable waters.
• The inner ears help a fish keep its
  balance.
• Fish can also sense any changes in the
  pressure salt content, or
• temperatures of the water and so avoid
  swimming very far into
• unfavorable waters.

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Reproduction

• Preparation for spawning
• Most fish have a spawning season each year,
  during which they may spawn several times.
• The majority of fish spawn in spring or
  early summer, when the water is warm and the days
  are long.
• Spawning and care of the eggs
• After the preparations have been made, the
  males and females touch in a certain way or make
  certain signals with their fins or body.
• A number of fish protect their eggs.
• Hatching and care of the young.
• The eggs of most fish species hatch in less
  than a month.
• Eggs laid in warm water hatch fast a than
  those laid in cold water.

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Works Cited
Fish and Boat Commission. Fishing and Boating in
Pennsylvania (July 2002) 4 pp. Online.
Internet. 14 June. 2004. Available
http//snes.state.pa.us/PA_Exec/Fish_Boat
  Smith, C, Labett. 1980. Fish. The World Book
Encyclopedia. 7. 141-144.  
Texas Park and Wildlife Department. Black Drum
in Texas. (April 2004) 5 pp. Online. Internet.
14 June 2004. Available http//www.tpwa.state.
tx.us/nsn/specmio/bikarum/bi karum  Wisby,
Warren J. 1980. Catfish. The World Book
Encyclopedia. 3.223-224.