Today

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Today

• Key Terms
• Internet Navigation Technologies
• Web Languages
• Web Development Tools
• Web Authoring Tools
• Web Graphic Tools
• Web Programming Tools
• Tool Selection Principle
• Summary
• References

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Web Terminology World Wide Web (WWW or W3)

• WWW is often confused with the Internet. It is
  the another usage of the Internet. It is on the
  Internet and linked together through the use of
  links, or connections, in documents.
• The largest body of computerized data in the
  world.
• Any computer, any operating system an use it
• Anybody can do it
• Global, Interactive, Dynamic, Cross-platform,
  Distributed, Graphical hypertext information
  system that runs over the Internet.

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World Wide Web (WWW or W3)

• Global,
• . Wherever you want, whatever you need
• Interactive,
• . Nature of the Web! Links and forms
• . Create forms and get the best feedbacks
• Dynamic,
• . Keeps growing
• . People can update information at any time
• Cross-platform,
• . Can easily access anytime, anywhere, and
  anyway

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World Wide Web (WWW or W3)

• Distributed,
• . Information takes up an awful a lot space
• but it can be distributed thousands of different
  sites
• Graphical,
• . Fonts, styles, layouts, graphics and text
  together on the same screen with the interface
  easily navigable jump from link to link
• Hypertext Information System
• . If you dont know where youre going go with
  hypermedia links!

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Web Terminology Web Sites
A URL is commonly associated with a Web Site.
www.bilkent.edu.tr is the URL for Bilkent
Universitys Web site. Most commonly, these
sites are located in directories of folders on
the server. Then within this main site, there may
be several folders, which house other sections
of the Web site. For example www.bilkent.edu.tr/st
aff is the URL for Bilkent Universitys staff
section.
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Web Terminology Web Pages
When you visit a Web site, you look at pages on
the site that contain all the text, graphics,
sound, and video content. Even though a Web page
isnt the same size as format as a printed
page! The word page is used to help us
differentiate between pages, folders, and
sites. Just as many pages and chapters can be
within a single book, many pages and folders can
also be within a Web site. www.bilkent.edu.tr/sta
ff/index.html is the URL for home (entry-splash)
page of Bilkent Universitys staff section.
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Web Terminology Web Browser

• A Web browser is a piece of software that runs on
  your personal computer and enables you to view
  Web Pages
• They interpret the HTML code and provide a visual
  layout displayed on the screen. Many browsers can
  also be used to check e-mail.
• Popular Browsers MS Internet Explorer, Netscape
  Navigator
• Each company updates its browsers regularly and
  you can download from the companys Web site.
• The importance of Testing Most browsers can be
  easily customized by users. User can change the
  preferred text size for Web pages, as well as
  fonts and colors.
• .The success of your Web pages is to test,
  test, test.

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Web Terminology Web Server
Every Web site and Web page needs a Web
server. It is a computer running special
software that enables it to host one or more Web
sites. It is always connected to the Internet.
Id like to visit www.bilkent.edu.tr Please.
No problem. I have the files right here.
Web Server
Web browser
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A Hint about a Server
I need to install a new Web server.
We need to buy a new server.
Server It can be a computer or software!...
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Web Terminology HTTP HyperText Transfer
Protocol
The Web server talks with the Web browser
through a process, or protocol, called Hyper Text
Transfer Protocol. The server uses a system of
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME)
references to determine exactly how to display
the content through HTTP.
Web server
MIME
They are Talking!
Grammer Instructor!
Web browser
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Commonly Used Web Servers

• Apache (httpd.apache.org) since 1996
• Microsoft offers many different types
  (www.microsoft.com/server), but the most popular
  Web server is Internet Information Server (IIS)
• Sun and Netscape has produced iPlanet, which
  boasts the third most popular Web servers
  (www.iplanet.com/products/).

Finding a Web Server for Your Site Personal Site
Hosting geocities.yahoo.com, hometown.aol.com,
www.tripod.com, www.angelfire.com,
communities.msn.com, wwwx.nbci.com/mywebsite Bus
iness Site Hosting www.hostinvetigator.com,
www.hostsearch.com, Webservices.cnet.comhtmlaisles
Web_Hosting.asp
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INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES

• First Generation
• FTP
• File Transfer Protocol
• Allows users to
• List files
• Transfer files
• Does not allow users to
• Run applications on a remote computer
• Read files on a remote computer
• Viable method for file transfer and Web publishing

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INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES

• Second Generation
• Gopher
• Developed at University of Minnesota (1991)
• Text-based interface
• Organizes and displays files on Internet servers
• Presents contents as a hierarchically structured
  list of files
• Many Gopher databases are being converted to Web
  sites for easy access

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INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES

• Third Generation
• HTTP
• HyperText Transfer Protocol
• Transfers files from Web server to browser
• Works with HTML to display text, graphics and
  sound
• HTML can only deliver information in a static
  presentation without interactivity
• Calculation
• Pay bill
• Manage bank accounts are not possible!

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NEW NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES

• DHTML
• Combination of HTML and scripting languages
• Enables Web pages to react to user input
• Reservations
• Registrations
• Shopping

HTML
JavaScriptVBScript
DHTML


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NEW NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES

• WAP
• Wireless Application Protocol
• Wireless Web Browsing and Business transcation
  (Personal digital assistant-PDA and cell phone)
• Languages used to develop WAP applications
• XML Extensible Markup Language
• Allows communications across multiple platforms
• WML Wireless Markup Language
• Subset of XML

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WEB LANGUAGES

• HTML
• Hypertext Markup Language
• Defines structure and layout of Web document by
  using tags and attributes
• View HTML source on your browser
• Click View / Page Source
• lttaggt lt/taggt
• ltHTMLgt
• ltHEADgt
• ltTITLEgt lt/TITLEgt
• lt/HEADgt
• ltBODYgt
• .....
• lt/BODYgt
• lt/HTMLgt

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WEB LANGUAGES

• XHTML
• Newer version of HTML recommended by W3C
• Combines HTML and XML
• DHTML
• Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language
• Transforms Web pages from static to interactive
• Allows scripting languages to be embedded into
  HTML files
• Enables a Web page to react to user input without
  sending requests to the Web server
• ltscript language javascriptgt
• lt/scriptgt

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WEB LANGUAGES

• XML
• Extensible Markup Language
• Similar to HTML
• Allows Web data and content to be processed with
  very little human intervention
• Consists of rules
• tags to describe data
• separate data from presentation layout
• transform data into Web forms
• lt?xml version 1.0?gt
• lt?xmlstylesheet type text/xsl href
  menu.xsl?gt
• ltbreakfast menugt
• ltfoodgt
• ltnamegtwaffleslt/namegtltpricegt3.95lt/pricegt
• lt/foodgt .....

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WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS

• Three categories
• Web Authoring Tools
• Web Graphics Tools
• Web Programming Languages

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WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
Web Authoring Tools

• Features
• Design
• Production
• Management
• Examples
• Adobe GoLive
• Macromedia Dreamweaver
• Microsoft FrontPage

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WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
Web Graphics Tools

• Features
• Manipulate images
• Transparency controls
• Variety of graphics styles and effects
• Examples
• Macromedia Flash
• Adobe Photoshop
• Jasc Paint Shop Pro
• http//www.adobe.com/products
• http//www.jasc.com
• http//www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/
• http//www.techsmith.com/products/camtasia/downloa
  d.asp

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WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
Web Programming Tools

• Features
• Develop dynamic, interactive, data-driven Web
  applications
• Examples

• Visual Basic
• VBScript
• Visual C
• C

• CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
• ASP / JSP (Active/Java Server Pages)
• CFML (ColdFusion Markup Language)
• Java
• JavaScript

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TOOL SELECTION PRINCIPLES

• Buy Low
• Identify free-download Web servers
• Free-download development tools
• Trial versions, freeware, shareware
• Sell High
• Develop advanced Internet/Web skills
• Sell those skills on the job market

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CONVERTING TO WEB PAGES

• Word
• File / Save as Web Page
• Excel
• File / Save as Web Page
• PowerPoint
• File / Save as Web Page

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SUMMARY

• Described the past and present of the Internet
  and World Wide Web
• Identified emerging technologies
• Discussed Web development tools
• Learned how to make appropriate tool choices
• Converted Office documents into Web pages

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REFERENCES

• A Brief History of the Internet
• http//www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml
• FNC Resolution Definition of Internet.
• http//www.itrd.gov
• Learned how to make appropriate tool choices
• http//www.webopedia.com/