January 31

1
January 31 Feb. 5

• Administrivia
• Check seating chart
• Collect MGT skills 1
• Ch. 3 Values, Attitudes, and Job Satisfaction

2
Key Concepts

• Values
• Different workforce values
• Cultural dimensions of values
• Key Attitudes for OB
• Linking Attitudes to Behavior (and visa versa)

3
Values

• Attributes
• Judgmental element
• Content
• Intensity
• Value System (hierarchy)
• Theoretically, an individuals values should be
  consistent
• people sometimes arent consistent!

4
The Importance of Values
Perceptions
Attitudes
Values
5
Types of Values
Terminal Values
Instrumental Values
CT What happens if these dont line up?
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Different Workforce Values
Dominant Work Values (Dont focus on dates!)
Hard working loyal to firm conservative
Nonconforming seeks autonomy loyal to
self Ambitious, hard worker loyal to
career Flexible, values leisure loyal to
relationships

• Protestant workethic
• 2. Existential
• 3. Pragmatic
• 4. Generation X

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Values Across Cultures

• Power Distance
• Individualism or Collectivism
• Quantity or Quality of Life
• Uncertainty Avoidance
• Long-Term or Short-Term

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Attitudes
Attitudes
Values
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Components of Attitudes

• Cognitive -- thinking
• Affective -- feeling
• Behavioral -- doing

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Key Attitudes for OB

• Job satisfaction (actually multidimensional)
• Job involvement
• Organizational commitment
• Cognitive
• Affective
• Normative

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Self-assessment

• What do I value?
• How satisfied am I with my job?
• Can managers create satisfied employees?
  point-counterpoint, p. 82

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Tuesday, Feb. 5, 2002

• Administrivia
• Continue Ch. 3
• Linking Attitudes to Behavior
• Cognitive Dissonance
• Attitude-Behavior Relationship
• Responses to job satisfaction dissatisfaction

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Consistency

• People seek consistency between their attitudes
  and their behavior
• But
• We cannot easily predict how they will respond to
  inconsistencies (cognitive dissonance)
• Rationalization
• Attitude change
• Behavior change

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Dissonance Reduction Technique Used
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Attitude-Behavior Relationship
Moderating Variables

• Importance
• Specificity
• Accessibility (Tell your friends you love OB!)
• Social pressures (Everybody loves OB)
• Direct experience (I love OB!)

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Self-Perception Theory
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Critical Thinking

• What are your attitudes about your Bryant College
  education to date?
• More importantly, what, if anything, have you
  done about those attitudes -- have they lead to
  any specific actions on your part?

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Attitudes about other people

• Diversity

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Attitudes and Workforce
Diversity
Diversity Training
Volunteer Work
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Measuring Job Satisfaction
Both methods tend to work statistically, but we
get more information with the latter
Single Global Rating
Summing up Job Facets
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Key Elements of Job Satisfaction

• Nature of the work
• Supervision
• Pay
• Promotion opportunities
• Relations with co-workers
• Physical surroundings
• Location (commute)

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Productivity

Job Satisfaction
Absenteeism
Turnover
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The Happy Worker Mystery

• Are happy workers more productive?
• Data does not support any large impact at the
  individual level
• At the organization level, there is an impact
• Are productive workers happier?
• This relationship is stronger at the individual
  level than the reverse relationship

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Job Satisfaction and Employees Organizational
Citizenship Behaviors
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Job Satisfactions impact on other Dependent
Variables

• Productivity
• Minimal individual level impact
• Absenteeism
• Some individual level impact
• Turnover
• More individual level impact than absenteeism
• Organizational Citizenship Behavior
• Depends on perceptions of fairness

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Responses to Job Dissatisfaction
Passive