Water, Wastewater,

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Water, Wastewater, Stormwater

• Lecture 6

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Overview

• Minimizing indoor water use
• Innovative fixtures
• Rainwater harvesting
• Greywater systems
• Reclaimed water
• Living Machines
• Natural stormwater management
• Construction, operation, maintenance
• Landscaping to minimize water use

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Water Conserving Fixtures

• Incinerating
• Ultra-low flow
• Pressure-assisted
• Composting
• Waterless urinals
• Double-tank

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Rainwater Harvesting
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Rainwater Harvesting

• Catchment area (Roof)
• Conveyance System (Gutters, downspouts)
• Filtration (Roof wash, chemical)
• Storage (Cistern)
• Distribution (Gravity vs. pumps)

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Catchment Area

• Evaporative absorption Losses
• Metal roofing (-0)
• Concrete asphalt (-10)
• Built up tar and gravel roofing (-15)
• Runoff
• Asphalt materials
• Zinc and lead
• Treated wood and lead
• Detritus

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Cisterns

• Plastics
• Steel
• Masonry
• Ferrocement
• Stone
• Monolithic concrete
• Wood

• Flexible/degradable
• Flexible/corrosion
• Durable/ maintenance
• Durable/cracking
• Durable/maintenance
• Durable/cracking
• Durable/expensive

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Gray Water
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Living Machine
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Bio-retention

• Soils, woody/herbaceous plants to remove
  pollutants from stormwater
• Filter for downstream or infiltration
• Reduce stormwater conveyance reductions

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Bio-retention (2)

• Distributed sheet flow reduces velocity
• Filter runoff or direct infiltration
• Excess to sub-drain or overflow
• Not applicable to high water table
• 5 7 of drainage area x RC
• Size to allow infiltration within 4 days
• Absorb metals, phosphoruos, hydrocarbons,
  particulates, suspended solids
• Landscape integral to traditional design/budget

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Vegetated Swales
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Constructed Wetlands
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Landscaping

• Xeriscape
• Permaculture
• Materials pervious
• Chemicals non-toxic
• Plants native and adapted
• Irrigation systems time and type