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Alternative Uses of Manure National Perspective

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No national standards for compost. Suitability for use in existing application equipment ... Carbon dioxide emissions from turning compost. Soil quality ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Alternative Uses of Manure National Perspective


1
Alternative Uses of ManureNational Perspective
  • Roberta Parry
  • Office of Water, Water Policy Staff
  • December 9, 2004

2
Alternative Use Categories
  • Energy
  • Soil amendment/fertilizer
  • Baggedhome use
  • Horticulture
  • Crop production
  • Feed
  • Non-agriculture use
  • Dry wall

3
Major Issues
  • Incentives
  • State/Federal regulation
  • Citizen suits
  • Government subsidies, cost-share
  • Industry expansion
  • Impediments
  • Lack of markets
  • Cost
  • Quality
  • Transportation
  • Technology

4
Impediments to Use as Energy
  • Capital costs to install anaerobic digesters
  • EQIP limit--450,000 for life of Farm Bill
  • Nascent technology for other energy systems
  • Costs of production v. prices paid by utility
  • Operation and maintenance costs

5
Impediments to use asSoil Amendment
  • Lack of Markets
  • Competition with sludge products, chemical
    fertilizers
  • Overabundance of manure-based products
  • Cost
  • Competition with free/low cost manure
  • Higher cost per unit of nutrients, compared to
    fertilizer
  • No quantitative value for organic matter
  • Quality
  • No national standards for compost
  • Suitability for use in existing application
    equipment
  • Pathogens

6
Other Impediments
  • Feed
  • Mad Cow Disease
  • Riskconsumers, producers, international markets
  • Non-agriculture uses
  • Not demonstrated
  • Must compete with existing productscost, quality

7
Where do alternatives work?
  • Guaranteed market for product
  • TX Dept. of Transportation contract to use
    compost
  • System based on business plan, not subsidy
  • Premium Standard Farms contract with J.R. Simplot
    to buy 100 of product
  • On-farm use of energy
  • Greenhouse, swine nursery, dairy
  • Manure Brokers
  • Pollution Prevention
  • Reduced feeding of nutrients
  • Dry manure handling systems

8
Why do alternatives fail?
  • Markets
  • Bagged products at Walmart, Targetreturned if
    not sold
  • Bulk productscant guarantee quality to
    horticulture markets, value-added in commodity
    production uncertain
  • Reliance on subsidies, line items
  • Reliance on cost-share, grants
  • Technology not fully developed
  • Large scale/centralized projects that need
    massive capital expenditures (Netherlands)

9
Environmental Impact of Alternatives
  • Alternatives not necessarily environmentally
    superior
  • Air quality
  • Anaerobic digesters Where no market, operators
    often burn emissions
  • Emissions from transportation
  • Emissions from co-firing
  • Carbon dioxide emissions from turning compost
  • Soil quality
  • More soil compaction than fertilizer application
  • Water Quality
  • Nutrient content uncertain, over application
    potential
  • Residuals
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