Indicators and Sustainable Energy Use in Buildings

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Ver. 03.11.08
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Strategic Goal for Environment Make Boston a
More Livable City for All
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GOAL Make Boston a More Livable City for
All STRATEGY Promote smart, equitable and
sustainable regional development by THEORY OF
CHANGE Expanding the use of green design

• An integrated approach to green design produces
  buildings that use scarce resources more
  efficiently.
• Green buildings cost less to operate over time.
• Occupants of green buildings and neighborhoods
  are healthier and more productive.
• Developers have limited knowledge about how to
  implement green design.
• Accurate data about the costs and benefits of
  green design is not widely available and
  understood.
• Developers (especially of market-rate,
  multifamily housing) under-invest in green design
  because they pay the higher initial costs while
  tenants realize the cost savings.

Grants to nonprofits for technical assistance and
public education (e.g. New Ecology, Health Care
W/o Harm, Green Roundtable)
Grants made to increase technical assistance and
public education for green design

• Green design is more widely used in new buildings
  built by the City of Boston and by institutions
  and private developers
• Green design is more widely used in both
  subsidized and un-subsidized low and moderate
  income housing units in Boston

Green design is increasingly incorporated into
building projects in Boston
Almost all new buildings built in the City of
Boston buildings will be LEED-certified or
otherwise green
Funds
Grants to nonprofits to change policy and
practice regarding multifamily rental housing
and problem of split incentives
Policy changes and best practices to address
tenant issues/split incentives
Green design is increasingly used in multifamily
rental housing
Assistance to City of Boston to develop and
implement green building regulatory requirements
Grants to support city-wide regulatory
initiatives (Green Building Task Force, Article
37)
Planning grants to Barr grantees
City of Boston uses regulation to spur private
investment in green buildings
Planning grants to allow integration of green
design into building projects
Grants for nonprofit capital projects (e.g.
Boston Nature Center, Artists for Humanity,
Chinatown Neighborhood Ctr)
Direct grants for capital projects that use green
design
Affordable housing and nonprofit developers
invest in green development
Funding to plan and establish CDC green loan funds
Funding for CDC Green Loan funds
Networks
Increase capacity of intermediaries to promote
green design e.g. TDC, CCCIF
Networking meetings convened, referrals made
More of our capital projects use green design
Convening e.g., Grantee Meetings to promote
connections between programs (e.g. public
health/green building)
Funders and nonprofits and private developers
will be influenced to use/encourage green design
Relationships established, information shared
Key Relationships Collaborations e.g. Green
Funders and AGM members
Knowledge
Reports and resources available for sectors
funders and nonprofits on benefits and strategies
for green building
Commission research on making costs and benefits
of green design transparent to funders and
building owners and developers
29 May 2008
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GOAL Make Boston a More Livable City for
All STRATEGY Promote smart, equitable, and
sustainable regional development by THEORY OF
CHANGE Advancing the sustainable use of energy
in buildings
Short Term Outcomes 1-3 years
Long Term Outcomes 4-6 Years
Impact 7-10 Years
Assumptions
Barrs Levers/Inputs
Activities
Outputs
Changes in state policy proposed (e.g. utility
decoupling, appliance efficiency standards),
including policies specific to affordable housing
Public policies support efficiency investments
and increased use and generation of renewable
energy

• Bostons buildings offer a primary lever for
  reducing greenhouse gas (CO2) emissions
• Improving efficiency of existing buildings
  represents the largest and most immediate
  opportunity to reduce Bostons energy needs
• Lower income families spend a greater share of
  income than most on energy
• There are insufficient incentives to improve
  energy efficiency in low income housing
• Energy needs should be met using clean, renewable
  energy sources to the extent possible

Funds
Grants to nonprofits advocating for changes in
state energy policy
Housing for low and moderate income households
in Boston is more energy efficient A
significant number of City of Boston and private
sector buildings have been retrofitted to be more
energy efficient Building owners and utilities
are purchasing and/or generating more renewable
power
Bostons greenhouse gas emissions from building
energy use has been reduced
Funding to build capacity of Boston city agencies
and nonprofit development community to implement
energy efficiency retrofits in affordable housing
(e.g. Boston Green Affordable Housing Program)
and public housing.
Pilot projects demonstrating value of efficiency
improvements in affordable housing
Developers and owners of affordable housing
invest in increased energy efficiency
Funding to support demonstration programs for
energy efficiency retrofits (e.g. Cambridge
Energy Alliance)
Demonstration of how to finance, market and
deliver building energy efficiency retrofits in
buildings
Building owners invest in increased energy
efficiency
Funding to support education and outreach efforts
in support of energy efficiency and renewable
energy investments.
Social marketing campaigns
Networks
Building owners increasingly demand renewable
power generation
Knowledge dissemination between and across
Cambridge Energy Alliance
Increased private sector demand for energy
efficiency retrofits and renewable power
Convening (eg. Cambridge Energy Alliance
Charrette)
Networking meetings convened, referrals made
More robust knowledge base and networks help
lower barriers to widespread implementation of
energy efficiency and renewable power
Key Relationships Collaborations (Green
Healthy Building Network)
Relationships established, information shared
Knowledge
Reports and resources available on benefits and
strategies for building energy sustainability
Commission research e.g. Center for Healthy
Housings study of property maintenance costs in
public housing and affordable housing
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Assumption 1 Bostons buildings offer a
primary lever for reducing greenhouse gas (CO2)
emissions
Source City of Boston Climate Action Plan
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Assumption 2 Improving efficiency of existing
buildings represents the largest and most
immediate opportunity to reduce energy needs
Source Environment Northeast
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Assumption 3Lower income families spend a
greater share of income than most on energy
Mean Energy Burden on U.S. Households
Low Income
Non Low Income
Source US Dept. of Health Human Services
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Assumption 4There are insufficient incentives
to improve energy efficiency in low income housing
Renters Dilemma
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Assumption 5Energy needs should be met using
clean, renewable energy sources to the extent
possible
Sources Environment Northeast US Energy
Information Administration
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Having established our core assumptions, we
identify specific outcomes and impacts
Short Term Outcomes 1-3 years
Long Term Outcomes 4-6 Years
Impact 7-10 Years
Assumptions
Barrs Levers/Inputs
Activities
Outputs
Changes in state policy proposed (e.g. utility
decoupling, appliance efficiency standards),
including policies specific to affordable housing
Public policies support efficiency investments
and increased use and generation of renewable
energy

• Bostons buildings offer a primary lever for
  reducing greenhouse gas (CO2) emissions
• Improving efficiency of existing buildings
  represents the largest and most immediate
  opportunity to reduce Bostons energy needs
• Lower income families spend a greater share of
  income than most on energy
• There are insufficient incentives to improve
  energy efficiency in low income housing
• Energy needs should be met using clean, renewable
  energy sources to the extent possible

Funds
Grants to nonprofits advocating for changes in
state energy policy
Housing for low and moderate income households
in Boston is more energy efficient A
significant number of City of Boston and private
sector buildings have been retrofitted to be more
energy efficient Building owners and utilities
are purchasing and/or generating more renewable
power
Bostons greenhouse gas emissions from building
energy use has been reduced
Funding to build capacity of Boston city agencies
and nonprofit development community to implement
energy efficiency retrofits in affordable housing
(e.g. Boston Green Affordable Housing Program)
and public housing.
Pilot projects demonstrating value of efficiency
improvements in affordable housing
Developers and owners of affordable housing
invest in increased energy efficiency
Funding to support demonstration programs for
energy efficiency retrofits (e.g. Cambridge
Energy Alliance)
Demonstration of how to finance, market and
deliver building energy efficiency retrofits in
buildings
Building owners invest in increased energy
efficiency
Funding to support education and outreach efforts
in support of energy efficiency and renewable
energy investments.
Social marketing campaigns
Networks
Building owners increasingly demand renewable
power generation
Knowledge dissemination between and across
Cambridge Energy Alliance
Increased private sector demand for energy
efficiency retrofits and renewable power
Convening (eg. Cambridge Energy Alliance
Charrette)
Networking meetings convened, referrals made
More robust knowledge base and networks help
lower barriers to widespread implementation of
energy efficiency and renewable power
Key Relationships Collaborations (Green
Healthy Building Network)
Relationships established, information shared
Knowledge
Reports and resources available on benefits and
strategies for building energy sustainability
Commission research e.g. Center for Healthy
Housings study of property maintenance costs in
public housing and affordable housing
10
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A specific set of indicators will inform our
strategy and grant making
Long Term Outcomes 4-6 Years
Indicator
Why this indicator?
Where well find it
Housing for low and moderate income households in
Boston is more energy efficient
Number of units subsidized through Bostons Green
Affordable Housing Program
City of Boston Department of Neighborhood
Development

• Shows growing stock of energy efficient housing
  for low- and moderate income families

A significant number of City of Boston and
private sector buildings have been retrofitted to
be more energy efficient
Number of units retrofitted through the Boston
Energy Alliance.
Boston Energy Alliance

• Shows progress towards reducing CO2 from
  buildings, currently gt2/3 of Bostons emissions

Building owners and utilities are purchasing
and/or generating more renewable power
Percent of electricity generated from renewable
sources.
US Energy Information Administration Mass. Dept.
of Environmental Protection

• Shows extent to which state is diversifying its
  power supply

Boston Energy Alliance data will not be
available until 2009
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A specific set of indicators will inform our
strategy and grant making
Impact 7-10 Years
Indicator
Why this indicator?
Where well find it
CO2 emissions from Bostons buildings
Updated annually by City of Boston
at www.cityofboston.gov/climate/progress.asp

• Shows trends and progress in the reduction of
  Bostons greenhouse gas emissions

Bostons greenhouse gas emissions from building
energy use has been reduced
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GOAL Make Boston a More Livable City for
All STRATEGY Promote smart, equitable, and
sustainable regional development by THEORY OF
CHANGE Advancing the sustainable use of energy
in buildings
Short Term Outcomes 1-3 years
Long Term Outcomes 4-6 Years
Impact 7-10 Years
Assumptions
Barrs Levers/Inputs
Activities
Outputs
Changes in state policy proposed (e.g. utility
decoupling, appliance efficiency standards),
including policies specific to affordable housing
Public policies support efficiency investments
and increased use and generation of renewable
energy

• Bostons buildings offer a primary lever for
  reducing greenhouse gas (CO2) emissions
• Improving efficiency of existing buildings
  represents the largest and most immediate
  opportunity to reduce Bostons energy needs
• Lower income families spend a greater share of
  income than most on energy
• There are insufficient incentives to improve
  energy efficiency in low income housing
• Energy needs should be met using clean, renewable
  energy sources to the extent possible

Funds
Grants to nonprofits advocating for changes in
state energy policy
Housing for low and moderate income households
in Boston is more energy efficient A
significant number of City of Boston and private
sector buildings have been retrofitted to be more
energy efficient Building owners and utilities
are purchasing and/or generating more renewable
power
Bostons greenhouse gas emissions from building
energy use has been reduced
Funding to build capacity of Boston city agencies
and nonprofit development community to implement
energy efficiency retrofits in affordable housing
(e.g. Boston Green Affordable Housing Program)
and public housing.
Pilot projects demonstrating value of efficiency
improvements in affordable housing
Developers and owners of affordable housing
invest in increased energy efficiency
Funding to support demonstration programs for
energy efficiency retrofits (e.g. Cambridge
Energy Alliance)
Demonstration of how to finance, market and
deliver building energy efficiency retrofits in
buildings
Building owners invest in increased energy
efficiency
Funding to support education and outreach efforts
in support of energy efficiency and renewable
energy investments.
Social marketing campaigns
Networks
Building owners increasingly demand renewable
power generation
Knowledge dissemination between and across
Cambridge Energy Alliance
Increased private sector demand for energy
efficiency retrofits and renewable power
Convening (eg. Cambridge Energy Alliance
Charrette)
Networking meetings convened, referrals made
More robust knowledge base and networks help
lower barriers to widespread implementation of
energy efficiency and renewable power
Key Relationships Collaborations (Green
Healthy Building Network)
Relationships established, information shared
Knowledge
Reports and resources available on benefits and
strategies for building energy sustainability
Commission research e.g. Center for Healthy
Housings study of property maintenance costs in
public housing and affordable housing
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