November 29, 2004

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• November 29, 2004
• Vilnius
• Modelling traffic policy measures on urban air
  quality management
• Linas Kliucininkas
• Department for Environmental Engineering
• Kaunas University of Technology

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Trends in vehicle kilometers of travel in world
cities, 1960-1990 underlying drivers and policy
responses

• Vehicle kilometres of travel (VKT) the total
  annual vkt by
• passenger vehicles.
• The relative importance of the factors affecting
  changes in vkt
• FAC PG US CO VO
• PG - population growth,
• US urban sprawl,
• CO car ownership,
• VO - vehicle occupancy.
• www.elsevier.com/locate/tranpol

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Some key land use and transport characteristics
of the seven case study cities (1995)
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Number of individual cars in Kaunas

• Street traffic flows I

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Passengers carried by public transport in Kaunas

• Street traffic flows II

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Traffic Zones and Network of Air Quality
Monitoring Stations
 
   

• Traffic zones

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Integrated Transport Effect Modelling System -
ITEMS ENERDATA s.a. 2, avenue de Vignate 38640
Grenoble-Gieres, France

• Models
• The Passenger Transport Model (TRM)
• The Freight transport Model
• The Economy Model (ECM)
• The Vehicle Stock Model (VSM)
• The Energy/Emission Model (ENM)
• The Environmental Aspect Model (EAM)
• ITEMS applicable for urban areas with
  100.000-800.000 citizents
• ITEMS operates in MS Access environment.

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ITEMS structure
Alternative measures
Data
Scenarios
DAM
PAM
SAM
Models TRM,EKM,TSM, EM,APM
DATA BASE
Effect

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Partition of the street traffic flows according
to the driving speed (zone I)

• Street traffic flows III

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Monthly and yearly 24 hours traffic intensity
averages (zone I)

• Street traffic flows IV

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Traffic intensity averages during weekdays, (zone
I)

• Street traffic flows IV

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Energy Emission Model

• Calculates the energy consumption and the
  pollutants emissions due to the traffic of the
  various kinds of vehicles. It is an engineering
  type model which takes into account the various
  technical influences acting upon energy
  efficiency and emissions of pollutants

• cold start
• driving behavior
• age of vehicle
• technologies of vehicle and engine
• legislation on fuels and emissions
• maintenance programme

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(No Transcript)
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ITEMS derived emission factors
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Measured and modeled concentrations of pollutants
Modeled NOx values were correction by factor
5,7.
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Modeled policy measures for the year 2007

• Increase of car parking fee (zone I)
• 2, 3, 4 Lt
• Reduction of parking places (zone I)
• by 25, 50, 75
• Introduction of dedicated traffic lines for
  public transport,
• a) current situation traveling by public
  transport 17 minutes, by car 7 minutes,
• b) reduction of traveling by public transport
  -15, prolongation of traveling by car -15

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Modeled policy measures for the year
2007(continued)

• c) reduction of traveling by public transport
  -25, prolongation of traveling by car -25
• d) reduction of traveling by public transport
  -35, prolongation of traveling by car -35
• Introduction of complex measures

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Modeling CO emissions
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Modeling SO2 emissions
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Modeling NOx emissions
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Thank You ! Aciu !