Introduction to the Local Governance Barometer

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Measuring Environmental Governance

• Introduction to the Local Governance Barometer

Pact DG/NRM Platform Meeting South Africa
April 2008
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Some Lessons Learned
Development, governance and sustainable NRM are
intertwined Stakeholders' full participation
inRM programs' design, implementation and
monitoring is essential Knowledge is key for
informed decision-making processes around NRM
issues  and in building consensus and shared
vision among stakeholders The "governance"
context largely impacts and determines NRM
interventions' successes and achievements
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Governance Matters
Social accountability approach (WB) Nature,
Wealth Power (USAID) Ruling Justly (MCA)
Environmental governance combines the strengths
of environment practice with those of democratic
governance practice to generate policy advice and
advocacy tools that will improve capacity to
protect the environment and to promote the
equitable access to energy and natural
resources. (UNDP)
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Measuring Governance Matters
Impact Alliance Overview

• If governance mattersmeasuring governance
  matters too
• Traditional ME systems are not relevant to
  capture complexity and specificity of governance
  frameworks
• How to measure a (environmental) governance
  situation?
• How to monitor impact of (environmental)
  governance-related initiatives?
• How to compare different situations in term of
  (environmental) governance?
• How to improve decision-making on
  (environmental) governance?

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LGB Development Milestones
LGB Development Milestones

• Local Governance Laboratoryhosted by IdasaSouth
  Africa, June 2005
• LGB Initial Design Workshophosted by
  PactMadagascar, July 2005
• MDG Africa Conferencehosted by SNV--Uganda,
  August 2005
• USAID research and development grant to PactUSA,
  November 2005
• Local Governance Laboratory LAChosted by
  PactEcuador, November 2005
• LGB Development Team Meetinghosted by
  IdasaSouth Africa, February 2006
• Pilot applications initiated by Idasa, SNV,
  Pactsix countries, May 2006
• LGB Development Team Meetinghosted by Pact and
  SNVKenya, February 2007
• LGB Development and Executive Team Meetinghosted
  by IdasaSouth Africa, June 2007

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WHAT IS THE LGB?

• A holistic model to generate a collective opinion
  about the state of governance in a certain
  locality/sector
• For
• Analysis of strengths and weaknesses of
  governance situation
• Tracking any changes in governance criteria and
  standards
• Evaluation of the effects of any changes in
  governance
• Comparison of the quality of governance in
  different situations
• Recommending a plan for actions to improve the
  situation
• ? TOOL TO SUPPORT DECISION MAKING

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LGB Applications
Some Current Applications
15 current applications in 8 countries,
including South Africa District and
Municipality governance Botswana District
governance (2 districts) Tanzania District
governance of Mbulu, Education governance in
Mvomero district Ghana District governance in
Kumasi, Mpoho Wassa East and West Gonja
Cameroon Commune governance of Kumbo and
Yagoua, Ecuador municipal governance
Around 20 potential upcoming applications in 10
countries, including South Africa Improved
governance in 16 more municipalities Tanzania
Water mgt governance in Arusha and Karagwe
districts Ghana Health governance Mozambique
Province governance in Nampula South East Asia
Improved governance for disaster risk reduction
Kenya Education sector governance Eastern
Africa Application in all SNV programs (9
countries) Madagascar Urban governance
(Fort-Dauphin and Nosy-Be)
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BASIC PRINCIPLES
Local Governance Barometer
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Knowledge-Based Approach
Knowledge-based Approach
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MECHANISMS AND PRINCIPLES
GOOD GOVERNANCE
UNION
UNION
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ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE INDEX
UNION
UNION
SCORES
REFERENCES VALUES
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(No Transcript)
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• ? Based on two approaches
• Core Model set of universal criteria for good
  governance
• Specific Model Local way to measure these
  universal criteria

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CORE MODEL
ENV/TAL GOVERNANCE
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Scoring System
Scoring System
Environmental Governance Performance
Accountability
Efficiency
Participation
Rule of Law
Equity
SUBCRITERIA
SUBCRITERIA
SUB-SUBCRITERIA
SUB-SUBCRITERIA
DATA
DATA
DATA
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Example of Environmental Governance Criteria
Illustrative Elements of Environmental Governance
Core Model
Level of public access to environmental
information (National policies, laws and
regulations, agreements and commitments made by
the government, State of environment
reports,.) Existence and efficiency of
mechanism for public participation in
decision-making processes relating to
NRM Existence and enforcement of environmental
laws and regulations Access to independent
judicial system for environmental matters Level
of people awareness on how environmental
degradation impacts their livelihoods Importance
of civil society groups in advocating
environmental issues Environmental
accountability of private sector
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Topic Documentation
Knowledge Base Documentation
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IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS
Local Governance Barometer
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Implementation Process
LGB Implementation Process
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(No Transcript)
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Example Data Collection
Example For NRM Application
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Assessing Situation
Assessing a Local Governance Situation
Overall Governance Performance 20 (Fairly Poor)

• Accountability (12) Effectiveness (18) less
  performing
• Priority improving Recourse (5) Transparency
  (11) systems to address Accountability
• Priority building capacity in Decision-Making
  Process Based on Reliable Information Systems (7)
  to address Effectiveness

1 Existence of vision 2 Realization of the
action plan 3 Good management of financial
resources 4 Decision making process based on
reliable information 5 Satisfaction of the
population vis-à-vis social services delivery
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Measuring progress
Over Time Comparison

• Overall governance situation improved (20 to 56)
• All criteria improved, especially Accountability

Participation and Effectiveness should be
considered as priorities for future capacity
building interventions
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Forest Governance
Sectoral Governance Situation
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THE WAY FORWARD
Local Governance Barometer
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Value Proposition
Improves the ability of actors on multiple levels
to make better-informed decisions Promotes
consensus between key stakeholder groups to
address environmental needs through shared
frameworks Enhances sustainability of
environmental initiatives through addressing root
governance issues Mitigates corruption and
promote transparency through increased
multi-stakeholder analysis of information Contrib
utes to address critical issues that support or
undermine sustainable NRM
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Some Key Issues

• LGB Implementation
• Entry point
• Participation vs. available resources
• Opportunistic behaviors how to avoid?
• Monitoring need for funding for periodic
  assessment
• Centralized Vs Decentralized approach (Quality,
  neutrality etc)
• LGB Development
• LGB concepts and tools development no resources
  allocated
• Certification process
• Institutional development (Institute, consortium,
  etc.)

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Current Resources
LGB Current Resources
Organization Steering Committee (Pact / SNV /
Idasa) Core Development Team Technical Support
Team Subject Matters Experts network Intellectual
Capital Governance Core Model Governance
Specific Models Software for data analysis Web
Site Communication material Training and
implementation handbooks Financial
Resources Pact/SNV/Idasa core funds Projects
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Next Steps
Applications Document success stories and lessons
learned Initiate sectoral applications,
especially in NRM Research and
Development Refine the core Governance
Model Develop sectoral Governance
models Web-Based Scoring System Leverage
Resources Model development, experts
mobilization, TOT, web site, software
development, guides, quality standards,
communication material, etc. Manage
Growth Business Plan Branding, Quality Standard,
Organization Consortium, Social franchising,
Impact venture,
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For More Information
Governance Barometer Website http//www.pact.mg/
lgb/lgb/interface Impact Alliance
http//www.impactalliance.org Jeff Kwaterski
jkwaterski_at_impactalliance.org Tel
1.202.466.5666 Pact Inc. http//www.pactworld
.org Jean-Louis Robadey jlrobadey_at_pacthq.org Te
l 1.202.466.5666 My contact info Jean-Michel
Dufils jmd_at_pact.mg Tel [phone]