PM2'5 Implementation Program New Jersey Perspective

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PM2.5 Implementation ProgramNew Jersey
Perspective

• Sandra Krietzman, Bureau Chief
• New Jersey Dept. of Environmental Protection
• Bureau of Air Quality Planning
• sandy.krietzman_at_dep.state.nj.us

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Outline

• Characterization of the PM2.5 Problem in New
  Jersey
• Identification of Strategies
• NJ Workshop
• Regional
• Discussion of Strategies
• Conclusions

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New Jersey
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New Jersey Fine Particle (PM2.5) Monitoring
Network
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Ozone and PM Attainment forecast with CAIR and
with Other Clean Air Programs - 2010
Ozone and Fine Particle Nonattainment Areas
(April 2005)
Projected Nonattainment Areas in 2010 after
Reductions from CAIR and Existing Clean Air Act
Programs
104 ozone nonattainment areas (408counties) 36
PM2.5 nonattainment areas with 195 counties
14 ozone nonattainment areas 19 PM2.5
nonattainment areas
Projections concerning future levels of air
pollution in specific geographic locations were
estimated using the best scientific models
available. They are estimations, however, and
should be characterized as such in any
description. Actual results may vary
significantly if any of the factors that
influence air quality differ from the assumed
values used in the projections shown here.
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Results of CAIR modeling
Some of the larger metropolitan areas in the
Northeast are predicted to have PM2.5 levels in
2010 that are just below the standard.
Source USEPA modeling
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Key Pollutant Sulfates
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Composition of Fine Particles

Elizabeth, N.J.
Formed from NOx Emitted From Regional and
Diesels - Highway
Local Sources, Highway Vehicles and Off-Road
Diesels - Off Road
Diesel Mobile Sources
Aircraft Railway
Gasoline Combustion
Incineration, Open Burning
Residential Wood Burning
Structural Fires
Utility/Commercial Fuel Combustion
PM formed from Organic Gases
Wind Erosion, Agricultural Tilling,
Formed From SO2 Transported from
Paved and Unpaved Roads and
Regional and Local Sources Oil and
Construction Activities
Coal-fired Utility and Commercial/
Institutional Boilers, Small Combustion
Sources
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2002 MANE-VU Region SO2 Emission Inventory Top 10
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2002 MANE-VU Region NOx Emission Inventory Top 10
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2002 MANE-VU Region PM2.5 Emission Inventory Top
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Note Not Adjusted for Fugitive Dust
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NJ OutreachReducing Air Pollution Together

• June 29, 2005 - First Workshop
• Six workgroups formed
• Diesel initiatives
• Gasoline Cars and Trucks
• Homes and Restaurants
• Non-Automobile Gasoline Engines
• Stationary Combustion Sources
• Volatile Organic Compounds

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Reducing Air Pollution Together (Continued)

• Summer of 2005
• Workgroups meet - brainstorming sessions
• Fall/Winter 2005
• Workgroups submit reports to NJDEP
• Air workshop - November 14, 2005
• 250 potential control measures
• May 17, 2006 Second Workshop
• 60 white papers
• www.nj.gov/dep/airworkgroups/docs/wp_summary_table
  _web_2007.xls

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Regional Strategies

• OTC
• Reasonable Measures Workgroup
• Control Strategy Workgroup
• HEDD Regional Effort
• MARAMA
• Refineries

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Areas of Control Strategies under Consideration

• Electric Generating Units
• Heating Oil and Industrial, Commercial, and
  Institutional Boilers
• Residential Wood Combustion
• Diesel
• Fugitive Emissions - BMP

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EGUs Oil and Gas

• HEDD (High Energy Demand Day)
• Mostly turbines/some oil boilers
• NOx reductions
• Short term 5/1/09
• Long term 5/1/15
• Sulfur in Oil

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EGUs Coal

• Multipollutant Performance Standards
• SO2/NOx/PM2.5 new rule
• Hg existing rule
• CAIR NOx allocations
• Output-based
• Rule being adopted
• Greater CAIR retirement ratios
• Under consideration

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Low Sulfur Oil ICI Boiler Strategy

• Distillate
• 500 ppm by 2012 (2010 if possible)
• 15 ppm by 2016 (2015 if possible)
• 4 Residual
• 0.5 by 2012
• 6 Residual
• 0.3 to 0.5 by 2012

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Wood Combustion

• PM and VOC emissions contribute to Regional Haze
• Not as great an impact as sulfate
• More local impacts
• Nuisance and health reasons in addition to
  regional haze for addressing this category

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Wood Combustion - Control Options

• Public outreach and education programs
• Woodstove changeout programs to promote
  replacement of old equipment with cleaner burning
  equipment
• State requirements for new sources, stricter than
  federal NSPS
• State requirements for outdoor wood
  boilers/hydronic heaters
• Existing no visible emission requirement being
  enforced.

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Diesel Strategies

• Diesel Risk Reduction Law
• Signed September 2005
• Focuses on diesel particulate emissions
• Requires and funds crankcase and tailpipe
  retrofits on 40,000 diesel vehicles (15 of
  engines)
• Strengthens anti-idling enforcement
• Rule adoption expected this month

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Regulated Vehicles

• School Buses
• Solid Waste Vehicles
• Publicly owned or in a contract w/public entity
• Public Private Commercial Buses
• Publicly-owned on-road vehicles
• Publicly-owned off-road equipment

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School Buses

• NJDEP adopt regulations Summer 07
• Install closed crankcase technology Summer 09
• Study to determine if tailpipe controls also
  necessary Summer 07
• If so, additional rules prioritized.

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Idling

• Enforce 3 minute idling limit for diesel powered
  vehicles.
• Extensive outreach and education campaign.
• Adopt rule amendments.
• Provide alternatives such as truck stop
  electrification.
• Encourage school districts, bus companies and
  parents to sign No Idling pledge.

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Idling - continued

• Local police can enforce
• Bus owner, school district and driver liable.
• Phase out exemption for sleeper berths in 2010.
• Tighten language for other exceptions.

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Diesel Inspection and Maintenance

• Inspection and maintenance program since 1998 for
  diesel vehicles.
• NJDEP limits amount of visible emissions or
  smoke.
• Reducing allowable smoke proposal in July 2007.
• Diesel vehicles greater than 18,000 pounds must
  go to annual emissions inspection at Diesel
  Emissions Inspection Center.
• State police also pull over vehicles on highways
  to check emissions (and safety issues).

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Summary of Strategies

• Point sources EGU Performance strategies
• Point and area sources Fuel strategies
• Area sources Wood combustion
• Onroad and nonroad sources Diesel idling
  reductions, Diesel idling law, I/M program