GLOBAL ENCOUNTERS: THE NEW WORLD ECONOMY, 1300-1600

1
CHAPTER 15

• GLOBAL ENCOUNTERS THE NEW WORLD ECONOMY,
  1300-1600

2
European Expansion

• The expansion of European colonial empires was a
  major world event.
• Europe invaded
• Asia
• Africa
• The Americas.

3
Conditions before Expansion

• Before the mid-fifteenth century Europe was an
  ingrown, claustrophobic place.
• There were limited opportunities for individuals
  to break out of the rigid class structure based
  on limited land and constricted economic
  opportunities.

4
Constant Conflict in Europe

• There was constant conflict
• England -- the Wars of the Roses
• France -- religious war
• Spain -- the fight to drive out the Moslems
• Eastern Europe -- the threat of conquest from
  Ottoman Turkey.

5
Conditions Change

• With the advent of European voyages of
  exploration the whole atmosphere changed.
• Governments were forced to think in global terms.
  

6
Merchant Classes Rise

• Merchant classes now found the means to break
  medieval fetters.
• They would also lay the foundations for
  capitalism that launched the modern nation states
  of today.

7
Exchanges of Goods

• The stay-at-home civilizations of the Americas,
  Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and East Asia were
  challenged by the global commercial network that
  produced wealth through exchanges of goods.

8
Civilizations Become Undeveloped

• Some of these civilizations were subsequently
  conquered.
• Others became marginalized in a world system that
  judged them undeveloped when faced with the
  technological change that followed closely on the
  heels of European empire expansion.

9
European Migrations and Results

• In the course of European expansion, European
  populations were planted in the Western
  Hemisphere and the New World.
• Amerindian cultures were absorbed, pushed back or
  died out.

10
European Cultural Domination

• In the New World we would grow up speaking
  European languages and following European
  institutions.
• In Africa and Asia the European colonies did not
  last.

11
Global Interrelationships

• A framework of global inter-relationships that
  all peoples must contend with exists from the
  movements begun by the Portuguese, Spanish,
  Dutch, French, and English explorers, colonizers,
  missionaries and merchants in the fifteenth
  through seventeenth centuries.

12
YOU SHOULD UNDERSTAND

• The explorers who opened up new routes and
  discovered new continents.
• The conquistadors, who conquered the native
  populations, which often suffered acutely.

13
YOU SHOULD UNDERSTAND

• How European countries set up their colonial
  empires.
• The beginning of the Commercial Revolution with
  the rise of capitalism.
• The ongoing effects in the modern world of the
  actions by European explorers and colonizers.