U'S' Department of Energys Office of Science

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U.S. Department of Energys
Office of Science
Advancing Energy National Security Through
Science, Technology and Environmental Stewardship
FY05 Budget Request For the Office of Science
Raymond L. Orbach Director, Office of
Science February 2, 2004
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The Office of Science FY 05 Budget Request
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Given the rising bar for competitiveness, the
United States needs to be in the lead or among
the leaders in every major field of research to
sustain its innovation capabilities.
U.S. Competitiveness 2001 Strengths,
Vulnerabilities and Long Term Priorities Council
on Competitiveness

• The Office of Science is the primary source of
  support for the Physical Sciences.
• Provides over 40 of federal support to the
  physical sciences (e.g. 90 of High Energy
  Nuclear Physics, 60 of Catalysis, 25 of
  Nanoscience)
• Provides sole support to select sub-fields (e.g.
  nuclear medicine, heavy element chemistry,
  magnetic fusion)
• Manages long term, high risk, multidisciplinary
  science programs to support DOE missions.
• Directly supports the research of 15,000 PhDs,
  PostDocs and Graduate Students.
• Constructs and operates large scientific
  facilities for the U.S. scientific community.
• Accelerators, light neutron sources,
  nanotechnology research centers.
• Used by more than 19,000 researchers every year.
• Infrastructure support for ten Science
  laboratories.

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A serious commitment to National Security and
Energy Security means a serious commitment to
Science.
Spencer Abraham, Secretary of Energy

• Energy and Security Missions
• ITER Clean fusion energy for the future.
• Nanoscience Unique capabilities to advance
  energy detector technologies.
• Climate Change Understanding the effects of
  energy production use.
• Research Leading to the Hydrogen Economy
  Nanostructured Materials Catalysis, Membranes
  Gas Separation Photovoltaic Electrolysis
  Artificial Photosynthesis Genomics GTL
  Microbial production of hydrogen Fusion.
• Environmental Mission
• Genomics GTL Harnessing Biotechnology to
  protect the environment.
• Natural and Accelerated Bioremediation Research
• Basic Research for Environmental Management
• Carbon Sequestration
• Science Mission
• Key Physics Questions Understanding the
  beginning of time, exploring the nature of energy
  and matter.
• Scientific Computation
• Next Generation Computing Architecture to improve
  performance for scientific discovery
• Continue development of leadership class
  computation for science and economic
  competitiveness
• Scientific Workforce Development Using the
  unique capabilities of the DOE laboratories for
  teacher professional development enhancing the
  diversity of the scientific workforce
• Biomedical Applications of Energy Related Research

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Office of Science FY05 Priorities Science
increases 2.2 after Congressionally directed
projects are set aside

• Research Priorities
• ITER Negotiations and Supporting RD (38M, 30M)
• Next Generation Computational Architecture and
  continued development of leadership class
  computation (38M, Sustains FY04 congressional
  increase of 30M)
• Nanoscale Science, Engineering, Technology
  (211M, 8M)
• Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Use (49M,
  21M)
• Genomics GTL, including Project Engineering
  Design for Protein Production and Tags Facility
  (80M, 9M)
• Climate Change Science Program (134M, 1M)
• Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing
  (SciDAC) (64M, 2M)
• Workforce Increase Laboratory Science Teachers
  Professional Development (1.5M, 0.5M) and
  minority serving institution faculty sabbatical
  program (0.5M)
• RD for new facilities - RIA, BTeV (Fermilab), 12
  GeV Upgrade (Thomas Jefferson) to explore the
  fundamental nature of energy matter (15M, 5M)
• Linac Coherent Light Source RD, PED and long
  lead procurements (54M, 45M)
• Return on Investments User Facility Operations
  at 95 of optimum vs. 92 in FY04 (1,383M, 43M)
• Safeguards Security Enhanced Readiness (68M,
  11M)

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FY05 Budget Highlights

• ITER The Path to Fusion Power
• Demonstrate the scientific and technological
  feasibility of creating and controlling a
  sustained burning plasma.
• Negotiations with China, South Korea, the
  European Union, Japan, and the Russian Federation
• High End Computing Next Generation Architecture
  Leading to Leadership Class Machines
• Science Enabling the Hydrogen Economy
• Production using sunlight through photovoltaic
  electrolysis, photoelectro chemistry, or
  artificial photosynthesis thermochemical
  splitting of water microbial production.
• Storage nanostructured materials metallic,
  light, and complex hydrides novel storage
  materials based on nitrides and imides improved
  kinetics of hydrogen uptake and release
• Fuel Cells Novel membranes, new
  electrocatalysts, understanding fuel oxidation in
  porous ceramics and composites, lower temperature
  ionic conductors.
• Linac Coherent Light Source X-Ray Free Electron
  Laser A New Window on Nature
• Stop action pictures of chemical reaction
  dynamics will enable development of new catalysts
  and chemical processes.
• Detailed structural studies of single
  macromolecules and their reactions, providing a
  revolutionary experimental tool for biologists
  and chemists.
• Protein Production and Tags Facility
  Accelerating Genomic Research
• Mass produces proteins directly from genome data,
  identifying and creating tags to allow
  researchers nationwide to understand the
  functions of these proteins in living systems.
• Needed to harness microbes for DOE missions, e.g
  hydrogen production, carbon sequestration,
  bioremediation

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The Office of Science FY 05 Budget Request
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Office of Science Vision
National Security, a Clean Environment Energy
Security Through Basic Research
Scientific Discovery Through 21st Century
Computation
Revolutionary New Materials Through Nanoscience
Uncovering the Origins of Time and Matter
Tomorrows Science and Technology Capabilities

• Begin construction of ITER to demonstrate the
  feasibility of fusion energy.
• Improved hydrogen production, storage, and use
• New materials for lighter weight vehicles, more
  efficient engines, more efficient photovoltaic
  cells.
• Harnessing microbes, microbial communities, and
  other organisms to produce energy, sequester
  carbon, and remediate hazardous waste sites.

• Spallation Neutron Source improved materials.
• Hands-on experience in science and math research
  for K-14 teachers enhancement of the diversity
  of the scientific workforce.
• Protein Production and Tags Facility mass
  produce proteins from microbial genomes, identify
  and tag them to harness microbes for DOE
  missions, e.g. hydrogen production, carbon
  sequestration, bioremediation.
• Linac Coherent Light Source Stop action imaging
  of chemical reactions structure determination
  of single molecules.

• Five Nanoscale Research Centers linked to large
  scientific research instruments at the DOE
  National Labs to enable
• High Efficiency energy storage conversion.
• Miniature sensors.
• Nanocatalysts with enhanced specificity and
  reactivity.
• Novel materials that are light weight, strong and
  conductive.
• Low cost, high-efficiency photovoltaic cells.
• Low activation materials for high-temperature
  applications

• Understand the origins of the Universe
• - Mass
• Accelerating Universe/Dark energy
• Dark Matter
• Dominance of Matter over Anti-matter
• Gravity
• Create the quark-gluon plasma that existed
  immediately after the Big Bang, providing
  fundamental insights into the evolution of the
  early universe.
• Understand the nature of Quarks and Gluons
  internal structure of protons and neutrons.

• Develop computer architectures and leadership
  class machines that will dramatically improve
  hardware performance on DOE scientific problems.
• Develop scientific simulation codes to fully
  exploit the capabilities of terascale computers
  for DOE problems.
• For Simulation of
• - Climate
• Nano-Materials
• Protein Folding
• Cell Functions via Genomics GTL
• Origins of Mass (QCD)
• Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Burning Fusion Plasma
• Combustion