Heartburn Gastro Reflux By: Debbie Tinus

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HeartburnGastro RefluxBy Debbie Tinus
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• Summary
• What is heartburn?
• What factors increase the risk of heartburn?
• What treatments are available?
• What is GERD?
• What are some tests to diagnose GERD?
• What are some of the medical advances?

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How Heartburn Occurs
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Foods That Causes Heartburn

• Caffeine Spicy Foods Fatty Foods

Chocolate
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Heartburn Medications

• Tums, and Rolaids are two common examples of
  antacids. Antacids work by neutralizing acids in
  the stomach. They do this by increasing
  secretions of bicarbonate (HCO3). They are the
  first defense against occasional episodes of
  heartburn. In order to the full effects antacids
  should be taken at least 30 minutes before a
  meal.

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H2 Receptor Blockers

• Provide persistent acid protection for up to 24
  hours. H2 Receptor blockers work by reducing the
  amount of acid formed. They do this by blocking
  Histamine a chemical that encourages acid
  secretion in the stomach.

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Proton Pump Inhibitors

• Proton Pump inhibitors work by suppressing
  stomach acid, and inhibit the Gastric Acid Pump.
  The Gastric Acid Pump is one of the glands
  responsible for the secretion of acid.

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Lifestyle Changes

• 1. One of the most important things that can be
  done to prevent heartburn is to control your
  weight.
• 2. Wait at least two to three hours after a meal
  before lying down.
• 3.Eat Smaller meals
• 4. Eliminate foods that tend to trigger
  heartburn.

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Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD)
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Symptoms of GERD

• 1. Regurgitated Blood
• 2. Difficulty Swallowing
• 3. Weight Loss
• 4. Reflux that returns after your antacid wears
  off.
• 5. Heartburn that is experienced several times a
  week.

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Barium X-Ray

• A Barium X-Ray requires the patient to drink a
  chalky liquid that coats and fills the hollows of
  the digestive system. This allows the doctor to
  see the condition of your esophagus, stomach, and
  duodenum. The X-Ray on the bottom left is of the
  esophagus. Where the arrow is pointing scar
  tissue is beginning to form, which may late
  cause difficulty swallowing. The upper left X-Ray
  is of the Dueodenum.

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pH Probe Test

• A pH probe test is able to measure the amount of
  acid that is refluxing back into the esophagus. A
  tube is placed down the nose and located directly
  above the lower esophageal sphincter. A small
  computer is worn around the waist and records
  acid measurements. In about 24 hours the tube is
  removed and the information is analyzed. The
  picture to the left is an example of what the
  test results will look like. Every downward turn
  of the curve reflects the presence of acid in the
  esophagus.

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Hiatal Hernia

• Occurs when part of the stomach protrudes into
  the chest through the diaphragm.

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Esophagitis

• Esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus.
  This occurs overtime by the erosion of stomach
  acid. Inflammation is the bodys first response
  in healing damaged tissue.

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Medical Advances

• Advancements in medicine for heartburn have come
  along way. However there are some unanswered
  questions about the relationship of GERD, and
  heartburn. Here are a few of the questions that
  remain unanswered. Answering these questions
  gives us the hope of having new treatments in the
  future.

• 1. Why do some patients with mildly increased
  acid reflux develop heartburn, while other
  patients with the same amount of acid reflux do
  not?
• 2.Why is it that some patients with more damage
  to the esophagus have less heartburn than
  patients with no damage?
• 3. Why does heartburn usually occur in an
  esophagus that no visible damage?

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Works Cited

• 1.Jay W. Marks MD. Gastro esophageal Reflux
  Disease. www.medicinenet.com
• 2.Heartburn. www.mayoclinic.com
• 3.GERD Symptom Heartburn. http//www.drkoop.com/e
  ncy/93/003114.html
• 4.Marieb, Elaine and Katja Hoehn. Human Anatomy
  and Physiology. San Francisco Pearson Benjamin
  Cummings, 2007.