Viruses

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Viruses
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Lesson Plan

• Part I (90 minutes)
• Introduction and prior knowledge
• Whole class instruction
• Background information
• Lecture, discussion, class notes
• Virus Search
• Independent study
• Part II (45 minutes)
• Disease Transmission Simulation
• Whole class activity

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California Content Standards

• 10. Organisms have a variety of mechanisms to
  combat disease. As a basis for understanding the
  human immune response
• c. Students know how vaccination protects an
  individual from infectious diseases.d. Students
  know there are important differences between
  bacteria and viruses with respect to their
  requirements for growth and replication, the
  body's primary defenses against bacterial and
  viral infections, and effective treatments of
  these infections.

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Introduction

• Imagine something that does not grow, respond, or
  eat.
• This is something that is neither living or
  non-living.
• Viruses are not in a kingdom.
• Viruses are not made up of cells.

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What are some examples of viruses?

• Class list

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How are viruses classified?

• They are classified by
• Shape
• Nucleic acid they contain (DNA or RNA)
• The kind of organism they infect

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What do viruses need?

• A virus is a type of parasiteit depends on a
  host organism for survival and reproduction

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How do viruses behave?

• A virus may be active
• A virus can be dormant or latent

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Active Virus

• ATTACHMENT A specific virus attaches to the
  surface of a specific cell
• INVADE The nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) of the
  virus is injected into the cell.
• COPY The viral nucleic acid takes control of the
  cell an begins to make new virus particles.
• RELEASE The cell bursts open, hundreds of new
  virus particles are released from the cell. These
  virus particles go on to infect other cells.

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How does our body respond to viruses?
Immunobiology, 5th ed. Janeway
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How do scientists study viruses?
From Gakhal, Gan Oswald, TSRI
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What are vaccines?

• A vaccine is a substance that stimulates the
  bodys immune response.
• The goal of vaccination is to prevent or control
  an infection.

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Virus Search Websearch http//www.cdc.gov/ncidod
/dvrd/spb/mnpages/disinfo.htm

• Visit the Center for Disease Control (CDC) web
  address above and choose a virus.
• Read about the virus you have chosen.
• Write a summary of the virus.
• If you like you may search other websites about
  the virus you have chosen.

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Virus Search
5. Your 1-page (typed) summary must include

• The name of your virus
• Characteristics of the virus
• Signs and symptoms
• Carrier(s)
• Transmission
• Treatment
• Occurrence or outbreak information
• Finally, try to find a picture of your virus and
  include it with your summary

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Follow-Up LessonsWhat are our defenses against
infections?

• Students know the role of the skin in providing
  nonspecific defenses against infection.
• Students know the role of antibodies in the
  body's response to infection.
• Students know the roles of phagocytes,
  B-lymphocytes, and T-lymphocytes in the immune
  system.
• Students know why an individual with a
  compromised immune system (for example, a person
  with AIDS) may be unable to fight off and survive
  infections by microorganisms that are usually
  benign