MAP SKILLS TUTORIAL

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MAP SKILLS TUTORIAL
The purpose of this tutorial is to provide an
opportunity to review some of the Map Skill
material we covered this year. Click on a unit
to review its contents. There is an online quiz
at the end of the tutorial.
Contour Lines
Elements of Maps
Grid Reference
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Learning Grid Reference Objectives

• The object of this tutorial is to review
  topographic grid reference. Students will review
  four and six digit grid reference and how it
  applies to location identification with
  topographic maps.

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Learning Grid Reference

• The Grid Reference tutorial is
• designed to teach the basics of
• reading cartographic grid
• reference. By the end of the
• STAIR students should be able
• to locate specific places on a
• map grid and place specific
• points on a map.

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Learning Grid Reference
Lets start with a question. Which box does the
red square occupy?
A) 44 11
B) 11 44
D) 12 45
E) 45 12
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Learning Grid Reference
CORRECT !!!! YOU HAVE A GOOD STARTING KNOWLEDGE
OF GRID REFERENCE. NOW LETS LEARN SOME MORE
ABOUT HOW TO FIND EVEN MORE SPECIFIC PLACES ON A
MAP.
G.R 11 44
CLICK HERE TO MOVE ON
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Learning Grid Reference
SORRY THAT IS INCORRECT ! NOW LET S FIND OUT
WHY ?
When reading Grid Reference we have to always
remember to 1)READ RIGHT 2)READ UP
So the Answer would be - Grid Reference - 11
44 Meaning that the red square is in box 11 44.
CLICK HERE TO MOVE ON
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Learning Grid Reference

• Grid Systems
• A grid system is a set of
• lines that cross each
• other at right angles on
• a map. Grid systems
• allow the map user to
• locate or report on a
• specific point on the
• map.

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Learning Grid Reference

• We are already familiar with longitude and
  latitude, the lines that form a rectangular grid
  system that can be used to identify specific
  locations and points on the earth.

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What box is the school located in?
The same principle that applies to the globe
applies to maps. However unlike the example at
the start of the lesson, if we want to find a
very specific location on this map then a four
digit grid reference wont be specific enough.
91 94
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What is the location of the school?
Grid reference 91 94 is not accurate enough to
give us a location for the school in the grid
box. How do we solve this problem and find an
accurate location for the school in 91 94 ?
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Grid Reference Rules

• 1) Whenever you read a grid coordinate, you
  always read right first, then up. This is one of
  the cardinal rules in map reading. Based on this
  rule, you can determine locations on a map.
• 2) Using grid coordinates. The number of digits
  in a grid coordinate represents the degree of
  precision to which you can locate and measure a
  point on a map. The more digits, the more precise
  the measurement. Four digits will locate the box
  the school is in. Six digits will locate its
  exact position. The same read right read up rules
  apply for the two new coordinates.

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Six Digit Grid Reference
What 6 digit grid reference do you think the best
represents where the school is located?

• 916 944

B) 919 955
C) 918 949
D) 911 941
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Six Digit Grid Reference
CORRECT !!!!

• 916 944

Click here to learn more!
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Six Digit Grid Reference
Sorry TRY AGAIN !!!!!
RETURN TO QUESTION
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Six Digit Grid Reference

• When locating a specific spot on a map
• within a grid box we have to estimate its
• location by dividing the box up into 10
• even parts.
• Read Right - we see the school is a little
• more than more than half way between 91
• and 92. If we were to measure then we would
• find it was 6 / 10ths of the way across.
• So our first coordinate is 916

Click here to find out how we find the next
coordinate !
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Six Digit Grid Reference
2) Read UP - we see the school is a little more
less than half way between 94 and 95. If we
were to measure then we would find it was 4 /
10ths of the way across.
So our second coordinate is 944
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Six Digit Grid Reference
The school is located at grid reference 916 944.
Lets test what you know. Click here.
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Grid Reference
What is the 6 digit grid reference for the green
circle located on the map

• 214 514

B) 226 513
C) 224 519
D) 224 518
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Grid Reference
Sorry Try again !!!
Click here to return to the question.
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Grid Reference
Correct !!!!! Great Job !!!
B) 226 513
Back To the Beginning
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Learning Map Elements
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Elements of a map Learning Objectives

• Students will review six map elements and the
  purpose behind their functions.
• Students will learn to visually identify
  important map elements and their place on maps.

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Elements of a map

• Maps communicate information, but how do you make
  sense of all the different sources of information
  on a map? How do you relate what you see on the
  map to what you see in real life?
• Let review the elements of a map. Check out each
  elements that will enable you to understand how
  to interpret what maps are saying.

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Map Elements
Go to Quiz when you are finished reviewing
Legend
Colour
Direction
Title
Scale
Border
Click on a map element to review its name and
function
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Map Legend
A legend is a part of a map that interprets
the meaning of point, line, and area symbols on
a map. Symbols represent real world land
features on a map. Symbols can be divided into
three groups point, line, and polygon (or area)
symbols.
Click here to return to main map
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Map Colours
Using colours on maps provides very helpful
visual cues to the map user who is interpreting
the map. There are general cartographic, or
map-making, rules which cartographers, or
map- makers have to use.
Click here to return to main map
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Map Direction
A compass rose is the familiar north, east,
south, west cross-symbol used to show direction
on a map. There are two methods of selecting a
bearing, and they depend on which style of
compass rose is used. The azimuth method is
based on a 360 circle. A bearing is reported as
an angle between the bearing line and 0,
measured clockwise around the compass rose.
Compass Rose
Click here to return to main map
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Map Title, Souce, Credit
Map titles are important because they are
generally the first piece of information that the
reader can see on the map. They serve the very
important function of letting the map user know
what area the map represents.
Maps should also credit the source of the data
that the map was produced from. This should name
the source and date the year of the data. It is
important because it gives the map and the data
it was made from, credibility or trustworthiness
that the map was based on correct information.
Click here to return to main map
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Map Scale
Scale is necessary for every map so that map is
proportionate to area represented.
Map Scale can be shown on the map in the
following ways
1. In words 1 cm represents 1 km 1 cm represents
50 000cm
2. In the form of a representative fraction 1/100
000 or 1100 000 1/50 000 or 1 50 000
3. In the form of a line
Click here to return to main map
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Map Border
BORDER or NEATLINE Separates the map from text
defines the edges of a map.
Click here to return to main map
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Map Element Quiz Question 1
What is the first and most important piece of
information a reader should see when he/she looks
at a map.
A) Legend
B) Colour
C) Direction
D) Title
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Correct !!!!

• Great Job !

Click here for the next question.
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Incorrect !!!!

• Try Again!

Click here to try again.
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Map Element Quiz Question 2
This part of a map that interprets the meaning of
point, line, and area symbols on a map.
A) Legend
B) Colour
C) Direction
D) Title
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Correct !!!!

• Great Job !

Click here for the next question.
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Incorrect !!!!

• Try Again!

Click here to try again.
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Map Element Quiz Question 3
Which of the following is not an major map
element?
A) Legend
B) Colour
C) Direction
E) Border
F) Grid
G) Source
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Correct !!!!

• Great Job !

Click here the tutorial menu.
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Incorrect !!!!

• Try Again!

Click here to try again.
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Contour Lines
The physical features of Earth vary from place to
place. In some places, the land is relatively
flat. In other places, tall mountain ranges
dominate the landscape. The shape of Earth's
surface is its topography.
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Contour Lines Learning Objectives

• By the end of this tutorial students will be able
  to identify contour lines and
• understand their functional purpose on
  topographic maps.
• Students will be able to identify how contour
  lines visually display elevation,
• slope and landforms.
• Students will be able to identify contour line
  intervals and numerical
• elevations.

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Contour Lines
A flyby in a plane is one way to see Earths
shape, but being able to read the information
from a flat map is much more convenient. A
special kind of map, called a topographic map,
uses contour lines to represent the shape of
surface features. Take note of both maps below.
lt Same Photo gt
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Contour Lines
Here are the two maps from the previous slide
layered on top of one another. Can you see how
contour lines mimic the contours from the
aerial photo. Return to the previous Slide to
compare.
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Contour Lines

• What are Contours?
• Contour lines connect a series of points of equal
  elevation and are used to illustrate topography,
  or relief, on a map. They show the height of
  ground above Mean Sea Level (M.S.L.) in either
  feet or metres and can be drawn at any desired
  interval.

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Contour Lines
Here is an overhead map view of a hill somewhere
in Canada. What do you think the hill looks like
from the side ?
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Contour Lines
A contour line is continuous line of the same
elevation around the edge of a feature. Think of
it as the edging trim along each layer of a
wedding cake. Each line gives an outline of what
a feature looks like
Click here to compare the last slide.
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Contour Lines

• Here is the hill from the previous
• slides. Notice how the contour lines
• have the ability to show the slope
• of the land. Numerous contour
• lines that are close together
• indicate hilly or mountainous
• terrain when far apart, they
• represent a gentler slope.

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Contour Lines
The numbers written on contour lines indicate the
elevation of the lines. Topographic maps would be
very cluttered if all contour lines were
labelled, so only the heavier lines show labels.
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Contour Lines
Which of the following contour lines is at the
highest elevation?
A
B
C
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Contour Lines
Sorry try again !!!
Return to question
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Contour Lines
Correct !!
Point C is at an elevation of 6700ft
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Contour Lines
Which of the following areas is located on the
steepest slope?
A
B
C
D
Return to tutorial index
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Contour Lines
Sorry you are Incorrect! Try Again
Return to question
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Contour Lines
Correct !!!!
Explore both pictures and notice how the contour
lines represent slope, elevation and the
landforms of the map.