MOON Hiro Ejiri RCNP Osaka, NIRS

1
MOON Hiro Ejiri RCNP Osaka, NIRS CTU Prague
MOON H. Ejiri RCNP Osaka, NIRS, CTU Praha

For the MOON collaboration CTU-Prague, FNAL,
ICU, JINR, LANL, NIRS, Osaka, Tokushima, Tohoku,
UNC, UW, VNIIEF
2

MOON Spectroscopic studies of DBD in QD-IH
Multilayer modules, expansion of
2-layer ELEGANT V(1990-) 1. Individual bb and
their E12-Q12 correlations to identify mn
term 2. Detector ? source. Select bb nuclide
of Qbb gt RI and easy enrichment Two bb
nuclides and/or ground excited states
identify ltmngt or SUSY 3. Two b tracking reduces
all RI BG by SSSC and SSTC. 4. Modest
E-resolution reduces 2nbb tail in 0nbb window.
H. Ejiri et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000)
2917-2920 . H. Ejiri, J. Phys. Soc. Japan,
Invited Review, 74 (2005) 2101. H. Ejiri, Mod.
Phys. Lett. A, Vol. 22, No. 18 (2007) pp.
1277-1291.
3
Mass sensitivities and nuclear sensitivity ltmngt
SN-1/2 (Neff)-1/2 d1/2
SN-1/2 13 (GM2 /0.01 A)-1/2 Neff e0n N ton
y, d (BN)1/2
M excited state and Nd MM/3
M0n 24 /r 18/A1/3
100Mo and 82Se , enriched by centrifuges, are
good candidates.
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Excited 0 states

• bb-g-g reduce BGs, 2nbb, RI.
• Cancellation, but not at both.
• GRS and EXS
• T0n G Mn mn Ms l 2
• Mn M(1) M(Jgt1)

Isotope State 100Mo GRS 100Mo EXS 150Nd GRS 150Nd EXS
Qbb (MeV) 3.034 1.903 3.368 2.113
SN1/2 meV 9.6 19.5 19.5 42
ltmgt meV /5 y t 44 39 78 96
s 2.2 Nd M/3 is assumed for deformation
change.
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MOON concept an option of PL/NaI/Si module
NaI
PMT
6-PL
One unit 7.5 m3 1.251.254.8 m
15 kg 24 modules . One module 0.3 m3
1.251.250.2 0.625 kg 5
layers One layer PL 0.80.80.015m3
Source 0.125kg, Si-position Compact
0.5m3/kg S-NEMO 30/kg Module easy
maintenance/expantion
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An option of PL /Si /bb /Si layers PM
75751.5 cc PL 50500.03 cc Si X, Y
505050 mg Source
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NaI plate 15150.5 cc
Inorganic
M-PMT
Organic
PL NaI
Scintillator
s 2.2 at Q
M-PMT
M-PMT
8
MOON 1 prototype PL 6 layers, 53x53x1 cc
BC408. equ.100Mo, 142g 40mg, 3 layers
ELEGANT V 1990
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E-resolutions of PL plate and NaI plate
E-resolution PL s 2.2 _at_ Qbb for small PL,
position-define NaI s 1.7 _at_ Qbb preliminary

H. Ejiri, Czeck. J. Physics, 56 (2006) No 5,
459. H. Nakamura, et al., JPSJ 76 (2007) 114201
1-9.
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Source thickness T , E-res. s, efficiency
e(0nbb) e(2nbb)
82Se 100 meV
Source T effect is to shift the spectra, and is
neg. at the higher sides of . 30-100 mg Ds0.1
0.3
IH NH
s 1.3
e(0nbb) 0.26 for IH
e(2nbb) 10-7 remains same as T
30-100 mg

100 30 mg/cm2
s 2.2
T.Shima
E for 30 mg 130 keV
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Response for 214Bi single b
20mBq/ton 214Bi in 100Mo
Gate condition Counts /ton/yr
E1E2 gt 0keV 713
E1, E2 gt 500keV 0.91
Veto by other PL 0.83
MWPC coin. 0.002
1 track for each MWPC 0.002
ltlt 1 for 1 tonyr T.Shima
MWPC or Si-position-sensitive detector is crucial
to reduce BG
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Cosmic BG by m-induced neutrons
F (E lt 20MeV) 10-8 n/cm2/MeV/s at 2000m w.e.
Gaitskell
Mostly C12(n,n) gives Yg(4-5 MeV ) 3.5 K /
Mo- ton y
5 MeV g ROI
0.2 events/ton/yr at 2000m.w.e
0.02 / t y at 2450 m w.e. self-shield
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Neutrino mass sensitivity
QD
IH
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Run plan (possible option) in case of 82Se
M3.9, Phase I. II, s2.2 , Phase III s1.7
Phase Start Run . Ni nbb t S Ni n-mass meV
I 2008 2012-2013 0.03 - 1 0.06 HM/QD 134
II 2012 2014 -2015 0.12 - 4 0.3 QD/IH 70
III 2014 2016-2019 0.48 16 1.92 IH 31

Underground lab. Detector space Phase III -0.5
ton 7m 7 m 50 m2 Hight 5 m Shield PL 0.2
m for m n and g Rn 10 Bq / m3 to keep
inside 3 m Bq Depth gt 2500 m w.e
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Normal hierarchy NH with 2-4 meV
Y0n gt 1.6 for onbb with 1s CL, M3, e
0.5 , BGltlt1 82Se 5 t
- 10 y BG(2nbb) 0.015 for s 1.3 E
cut. 1.25 m Bq / t 21m21m5m at 4000 m w.e.
Realistic challange
100Mo 82Se 76Ge
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MOON collaboration

• H.Ejiri, T.Itahashi, K.Matsuoka, M.Nomachi,
  T. Shima,
• S. Umehara, RCNP and Physics OULNS, Osaka
  Univ.
• P.J.Doe, R.G.H.Robertson, D.E.Vilches,
  J.F.Wilkerson?D. I. Will.
  
• CENPA, Univ. Washington.
• S.R.Elliott, V. Gehman, LANL
• J.Engel. Phys.Astronomy, Univ. North Carolina.
• M.Finger, M. Finger, K. Kuroda, M. Slunecka , V.
  Vrba.
• Phys. Charles Univ. and CTU Prague
• K.Fushimi, H. Kawauso, K. Yasuda, GAS, Tokushima
  Univ. Tokushima
• M. Greenfield, ICU, Tokyo.
• R. Hazama, Hiroshima Univ.
• H. Nakamura, NIRS.
• A. Para FNAL
• A. Sissakian, V. Kekelidze, V. Voronon, G.
  Shirkov A. Titov, JINR
• V. Vatulin, P. Kavitov, VNIIEF
• S. Yoshida, Tohoku Univ. Sendai
• Contact persons.

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Thank you for your attention
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82Se BG B(RI) B(n) B(2nbb)
BG origin Case A BG(A)/t y Case B BG(B)/t y
2nbb s2.2 4.1 s1.7 1.5
208Tl 60 mBq/t 0.3 20 mBq 0.1
214Bi 300mBq/t 0.01 100mBq 0.003
Cosmic n 2000 m w.e 0.01 2450 m w.e 0.007
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MOON detector conception sketch
Multi-layers, 2 for bb and all others active
shields Each with 1PL2PS 1.3 m-1.3 m- 4 cm
25 kg One unit 100 mod., bb30 kg, 1 m24m,
Based on ELEGANT V
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Inorganic
M-PMT
Organic
Inorganic
M-PMT
Organic
Scintillator
M-PMT
M-PMT
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Mass sensitivities and nuclear sensitivity ltmngt
SN-1/2 (Neff)-1/2 d1/2

• SN-1/2 13 (GM2 /0.01 A)-1/2
• Nuclear sensitivity mn
• N1 t y and Y0n d 1
• SN-1/2 2010 meV for M25/R
• Neff e0n N ton year
• No signals for 90 CL
• 2.3 if B0
• 1.6 1.7 (BN)1/2
• BG B/t y N ton year

BB(RI) B(2n) B(2n)4.2(e2n/t2n1/2)(100/A),
e2n 10-7 and t2n1/2 1020
M excited state and Nd MM/3
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H. Ejiri, et al., PRL, 85, 2000, 2917. H. Ejiri
et al., Czech. J. Phsy. 54, 2004, 317 H. Ejiri,
J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Invited Review, 74 (2005)
2101. H. Ejiri, Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol. 22, No.
18 (2007) pp. 1277-1291.
23
Response for 5MeV g
0nbb window
0.2 events/ton/yr at 2000m.w.e 0.02 / t y
at 2450 m w.e. self-shield
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Mass sensitivities and nuclear sensitivity ltmngt
meV (SN)-1/2 (e0n N)-1/2 d1/2

• SN G0nM2 /0.01A/170)
• M25/R 4
• Small BG or N
• 2.3
• ltmngt 2.3 SN -1/2 (e0n N)-1/2
• Large BG or N
• 1.7 (BN)1/2
• ltmngt 1.3 SN -1/2 (e0n)-1/2
• N-1/4 B1/4

N-1/2
N-1/4
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Oto underground Laboratory
MOON 1 prototype PL 6 layers, 53x53x1cm3
BC408. equ. 100Mo, 142g 40mg, 3 layers 56
PMTs HAMA. R6236-01.
ELEGANT V 1990
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MOON, GERDA, CUORE sensitivity
Phase I Phase II Phase III
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130Te B 6000 for CUORITINO B200 for 0.01 /y kev
kg of TeO2
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Excited state for e0n, e2n 2/3 of GR by g ,
and M same as GR
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Response for 1.8MeV b583keV g2614keV g
20mBq/ton 208Tl in 100Mo
Gate condition Counts /ton/yr
E1E2 gt 0keV 5280
E1, E2 gt 500keV 2640
Veto by other PL 9
MWPC coin. 0.32
1 track for each MWPC 0.28
0.3 events for 1 tonyr
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5 . Underground laboratory
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Si pad and Al read out One Si plane 60 cm 60 cm
4 Si cells, each 30 cm 30 cm. Each cell 4 Si
pads, each 15 cm 15 cm 300 m thick. One Si pad is
made from 20 cm dia. Si crystal wafer
Si pad 15 cm 15 cm
SiO2 0.1 m thick Si 15 cm2 4,
300 m thick Al strip
20m 1 m thick
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0nbb by RHC, Heavy n, SUSY, and others
A0n LHC RHC ltmgt
SUSY ltlgt k(ML/MR)2 LHC / RHC
Q21 and E12 correlations

LHC mn / SUSY mn M0n kMS different
isotopes and states with different M
A2nGM2n AM ltgMgt M Energy
spectra 4,3,2 body

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6. Concluding remarks 1. DBD studies of E-Q
correlations for 2-3 isotopes and/or states are
indispensable for identifying the 0nbb n-mass
processes. 2. They can be realistic by
spectroscopic DBD studies with detector?bb
souces. 82Se , 100Mo 150Nd are good bb
candidates. 3. Recent QRPA/RQRPA give
M0n18/A1/3. Nuclear sensitivity, the mass for
N1 t y Y0n1, is 20 meV for 76Ge and 10 meV for
82Se, 100Mo, 130Te, 136Xe. 5. Then QD 100 meV
and IH30 meV masses are studied by N0.1 and 1 t
y with 76Ge and 82Se, 100Mo, 130Te, 136Xe . 6.
Spectroscopic experiments (MOON, SuperNEMO) can
access the IH masses with realistic s 2.2 and
20 mBq/t . 7. Charge exchange nuclear reactions
and photo nuclear reactions are used to check the
M0n calculations. H. Ejiri, J. Phys.
Soc. Japan, Invited Review, 74 (2005) 2101. H.
Ejiri, Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol. 22, No. 18 (2007)
pp. 1277-1291.
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3. Sensitivity and simulation
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Interference A0n XL XR XL Light n
SUSY (Heavy n) mn M0n kMS mn
M0n (1 (k/ mn) (Ms/M0n) Cancellation at
A76 (left fig.) or 136(right), but not at other
A because of the different short-range/long
range matrix elements. Need
measurements with different bb nuclides.

• .

Vergados 07
36
MOON detector conceptional sketch
Multi-layers, 2 for bb and all others active
shields Each with 1PL2PS 1.3 m-1.3 m- 4 cm
25 kg One unit 100 mod., bb30 kg, 1 m24m,
H. Ejiri, et al., PRL, 85, 2000, 2917. H. Ejiri
et al., Czech. J. Phsy. 54, 2004, 317.
Based on ELEGANT V
37
Neutrino Weak probes
C.Volpe
p Hg ? n p, p ? m nm m ?e ne
anti-nm
SNS 1 6 1015 7 1014
J-PARC 3 1.2 1015 3 1014

• .

3 GeV-p p n
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RCNP Osaka High DE t- s response at low and
high 1 2- statesD. Freckers, R. Zegers,
MSU/RCNP/KVI
Charge exchange reactions
1
Suhonen
2-
H. Ejiri, PR 380 2000
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150Nd -- 150Sm deformation
150Nd E(2) 0.13 MeV
Q MeV G0n 150Sm GS 0 E(2) 0.334
MeV 3.36 13.4 0.74 MeV E(2)
0.34 MeV 2.63 3 E0
1.255 MeV E(2) 0.16 MeV 2.11
1.3 E2
Simucovic 1/4 1/6 of M due to deformation
change.
M0n due to change of deformation is 1/3? M0n to
the excited, but same deformation is 1
RCNP/MSU 3He,t t, 3He Zergers R
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Position sensitive detector planefor bb track
identification and q12 correlation Options
2. Si thin plates with 5mm-5mm-0.3 mm pad V.
Vrba M. Finger and others in Prague Meeting in
Oct 15-17 in Prague 50cm-50 cm 10 K Euro Si
Li, MoSi
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Double Beta Decay Spectroscopy and MOON Hiro
Ejiri RCNP Osaka Univ. NIRS CTU, Praha
For the MOON collaboration
42
Thank you for your attention
43

1. Unique points of MOON 2. Sensitivity and
simulation 3. Detector RD and schedule 4.
Underground laboratory 5. Concluding remarks .
44
Run plan (possible option) in case of 82Se
M3.9, Phase I. II, s2.2 , Phase III s1.7
Phase Start Run . Ni nbb t S Ni n-mass meV
I 2008 2012-2013 0.03 - 1 0.06 HM/QD 134
II 2012 2014 -2015 0.12 - 4 0.3 QD/IH 70
III 2014 2016-2019 0.48 16 1.92 IH 31
Phase II - III / NEMO III
nbb
17 - 70 BG 2nbb s4
(1.7 /3.3)-4 14 Efficiency
e0n 0.3 / 0.08
4 S/N e0n nbb /s4
1/2 55 110 n-mass
0.02 0.01