Turfgrass Species

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Turfgrass Species

• Part II

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Kentucky BluegrassPoa pratensis

• Rhizomatous, many cultivars
• Highly variable in
• Color
• Texture
• Density
• Mowing tolerances
• Disease resistance
• etc

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Poa pratensis L.

• Vernation folded
• Ligule membranous, .2-.6 mm, truncate
• Auricles absent
• Collar broad, divided
• Blade v-shaped, smooth on both sides,
  boat-shaped tip
• Inflorescence open panicle

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Poa pratensis L.

• Adaptation and use
• well drained, moist neutral to slightly acid,
  fertile soils. Sun to part shaded sites
• Subarctic and temperate climates, high altitude
  in tropical and subtropical climates
• Lawns, golf turf (except greens) athletic fields

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Poa pratensis L.

• Cultural intensity
• Low to high depending on cultivar
• MH .75-2.5
• N req. 2-6 N/1000 ft2/yr.
• High water requirement

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Cultivars

• Compact type-low compact growth habit, poor to
  moderate winter quality, good to excellent
  resistance to leaf spot and stripe smut diseases.
• Absolute, America, Rugby II

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Cultivars

• Bellevue medium low growth, medium wide leaves,
  med. shoot density, excellent cool-season vigor,
  good summer stress tolerance, good resistance to
  diseases.
• Banff, Dawn, Georgetown, Trenton

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Cultivars

• Mid Atlantic- medium t high shoot density and
  extenisve root and rhizome development, good
  summer stress tolerance, moderate winter quality
  and moderate resistance to leaf spot disease.
• Eagleton, Monopoly, SR2000

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Cultivars

• BVMG medium-low growth, med. wide leaves, med.
  shoot density, poor winter quality, high seed
  yields, good resistance to leaf spot disease but
  susceptible to stripe smut
• Barron, Marquis, Merit

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Cultivars

• Midwest or common erect growth habit and narrow
  leaves, poor winter quality, moderate summer
  stress tolerance, used for low maintenance turf,
  susceptible to leaf spot disease.
• Ginger, Kenblue, Park

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Cultivars

• Aggressive high shoot density and aggressive
  lateral growth, dominates other cultivars in
  blends and mixtures, resistant to stripe smut
  disease.
• A-34, Limousine, Touchdown

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Rough BluegrassPoa trivialis

• Fine textured
• Yellow-green
• Stoloniferous

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P. trivialis

• Vernation folded
• Ligule membranous, 2 6mm, pointed
• Auricles absent
• Boat-shaped tip
• Inflorescence open panicle

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P. trivialis

• Adaptation and use
• Damp or moist fertile soils
• Moderate to heavy shade
• Occurs as weed in sunny areas, browns during mid
  summer stress periods
• Not compatible with other species in seed
  mixtures.
• Used to over-seed bermudagrass for winter play
• Good cold tolerance
• Poor wear tolerance

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P. trivialis

• Cultural intensity
• Moderate
• MH 0.5-1.0
• Fert. 2-4 N/1000/yr.
• Susceptible to 2,4-D type herbicides
• Cultivars
• Sabre, Laser, Laser II, Winterplay22

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Annual BluegrassPoa annua

• Distributed as a winter annual in warm and cool
  season grasses
• Sustained as a perennial turfgrass on intensely
  cultured sites in cool temperate and subarctic
  climates
• Two subspecies
• P. annua L. var. annua Timm wild type
• P. annua Logo reptans, greens type

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P. annua

• Vernation folded
• Ligule membranous, .8-3mm, pointed
• Auricles absent
• Boat shaped tip
• Inflorescence- small open panicle, seed heads
  present throughout most of the growing season,
  more abundant early to mid spring.

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P. annua

• Adaptation and Use
• Intolerant of heat and cold
• Vigorous growth in spring and fall periods iin
  temperate and subtropical climates.
• Rarely planted intentionally yet becomes major
  component of some intensely cultured turfgrass
  communities.
• Moist, fertile, neutral to slightly acid, well
  drained soils and cool shaded environments

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P. annua

• Cultural Intensity
• MH 1 or lower
• Fert. 2-6 N/1000 ft. / yr.
• Frequent irrigation
• Susceptible to dollar spot, brown patch, Pythium
  blight, anthracnose, snow molds

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Other turfgrass speices

• Smooth Bromegrass Bromus inermis
• Crested Dogtail Cynosurus cristatus
• Alkaligrass Puccinellia distans, P. airoides
  (Nuttalls), P. lemmoni (Lemmon Alkaligrass)

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Avenae Tribe
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Bentgrass (Agrostis)

• Includes 125 spp.
• Temperate and subarctic
• High altitude tropic and subtropic
• 6 spp. used as turf
• A. stolonifera
• A. capillaris
• A. castellana
• A. idahoensis
• A. canina
• A. gigantea

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Creeping bentgrass- Agrostis stolonifera

• Fine textured
• Stoloniferous
• Most widely used cool season grass for golf
  greens
• Moderately salt tolerant

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A. stolonifera

• Vernation rolled
• Ligule membranous, .6-3mm, toothed or entire,
  rounded
• Auricles absent
• Inflorescence contracted panicle, purple

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A. stolonifera

• Adaptaion and use
• moist, fertile, slightly acid soils.
• Greens, closely mowed tees and exotic lawns
• Culture
• High
• MH .125 or lower to .5 (cultivar dependent)
• 2-6 N/1000 ft./yr.
• Irrigation
• Cultivation and topdressing to control thatch
• Control compaction
• Use of pesticides

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A. stolonifera

• Cultivars
• Prostrate type Pencross
• Medium density type Brighton, Pennlinks, Putter
• High density upright types Penn A series, Penn
  G series, Penn A-4

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Colonial Bentgrass A. capillaris

• Bunch type, weakly creeping w/short stolons and
  rhizomes
• Fine textured
• Temperate and oceanic climates

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A. capillaris

• Description
• Vernation rolled
• Ligule membranous, .3-1.3 mm, truncate
• Auricles absent
• Leaf blade flat, 1-3mm wide

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A. capillaris

• Adaptation and use
• Well drained sandy acid soils to slightly acid
  soils of moderate fertility
• Poor heat and drought tolerance
• Limited to oceanic climates as in the Pacific NW,
  New England states, NW Europe, New Zealand

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A. capillaris

• Cultural intensity
• MH - .3-.8
• Fert. 1-2N/1000 ft./ yr
• Irrigation frequent during drought periods
• Cultivars
• Alister, Astoria, Tiger II

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Velvet Bentgrass A. canina

• Fine textured
• Weakly stoloniferous
• Velvety, high density
• Restricted to temperate oceanic climates
• High quality lawn with meticulous culture

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A. canina

• Description
• Vernation rolled
• Ligule membranous
• Leaf blade 1mm wide, flatslightly ridged on
  adaxial, smooth abaxial
• Inflorescence reddish open panicle

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A. canina

• Adaptation and use
• Well drained, acid to slightly acid, sandy soils
  of moderate fertility.
• Good heat and cold tolerance.
• More tolerant of shade, drought and soil acidity.

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A. canina

• Cultural intensity
• MH - .2-.4
• Fert. 1-2 N
• Irrigation frequent
• Thatch control necessary
• Frequent fungicide applications necessary
• Cultivars
• Greenwich, SR 7200, Vesper

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Other Agrostis sp.

• Redtop A. Gigantea
• Idaho bentgrass A. idahoensis
• Dry land bentgrass A. castellana
• Similar to Colonial bentgrass