Using Instructional Strategies That Help Students Learn

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Using Instructional Strategies That Help Students
Learn
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Instructional Strategies

• Having access to good facilities, technology,
  and resources does not guarantee
• that the information available will be used by
  students to construct meaningful social studies
  (Sunal Haas, 2002).
• What students learn is influenced by
• how they are taught
• the quality of individual and social
  processes occurring in the classroom
• perceptions and understanding of social
  studies

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Effective Learning

• Research has identified factors associated with
  effective teaching
• Clarity- clear instructions
• Variety- variety of learning modalities and
  questioning techniques
• Task Orientation- involvement for a significant
  amount of time, teachers manage and reduce
  interruptions, plan transitions, organize
  materials distribution, manage students traffic
  flow

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Effective Learning

• Research has identified factors associated with
  effective teaching(cont.)
• Student Engagement- few interruptions or
  disruptions, the more consistently and
• completely students are engaged with the lesson
  the higher the student achievement
• Questioning- wait time, three or more seconds
  can increase length of students response, number
  of right responses, cognitive level of response

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Instructional Methods

• expository- teacher controls situation
• provides practice
• provides feedback
• uses lecture and closed questioning
• method produces lower levels of learning and
  recall

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Instructional Methods

• Verification- demonstrates fact or concept
• student knows what result should be
• teacher guides use of materials,
  procedures, and data collection
• closed or narrow questioning
• also produces lower levels of learning
  and recall

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Instructional Methods

• Guided Discovery- teacher creates a problem to
  study
• only one key concept is the focus
• students are involved in activities
  illustrating the concept
• teacher provides directions

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Instructional Methods

• Discovery- students decide how to address
  problems
• teacher decides content and process skills to
  be learned
• teacher presents problem
• students investigate

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Instructional Methods

• Inquiry- involves significant student control
  over direction of lesson
• students must be competent in social studies
  process skills
• must be able to create problems for
  investigation
• should be able to work in groups
• social studies projects