Equity

1
Equity RegionalismThe Impact of Governance
Restructuring on Communities of Color
Transportation IssuesNovember 19, 2004By Jane
A. Downing
2
Overview

• Context
• Transportation Decision Making
• Public Participation- Title VI
• Lessons Learned
• MPO Analysis in Six Cities
• Community Organizing
• Access to Work

3
Context

• Moving to Equity Addressing Inequitable Effects
  of Transportation Policies on Minorities (2003
  Harvard study)
• 30-40 billion/year surface transportation
  expenditures (federal) TEA-21
• Transportation Policies
• Encourage and reinforce racial segregation
• Restrict access to employment, housing, education
• Affect health in some areas
• Increased highway spending has negative impacts

4
Demographic Realities

• No automobile ownership
• National Pittsburgh Pittsburgh MSA
• White 7 23 11
• African-American 24 49 39
• Latino 17
• Asian 13
• Transit Users in Urban Areas 54
  African-American/Latinos
• Transportation Expenditures
• Lowest 20 spend 36
• Highest 20 spend 14

5
Spatial Mismatch

• Entry Level Suburban Job Growth
• 24/7 Jobs (second and third shifts)
• Hub/Spoke Transit System vs. Flexible System

6
Transportation Planning Process

• Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPOs)
• Responsibility planning transportation solutions
  that achieve system efficiency, mobility access
  while addressing environmental and social
  concerns
• Composition elected officials and/or appointed
  by elected officials
• Project Prioritization
• Long Range Plan (20 years)
• 3-Year TIP, updated annually
• Public Participation
• General advisory groups/public participation
  panels
• Education about process
• Project/Plan Testimony
• Review of Proposed TIP/Plan

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Title VI/ Executive Order

• Title VI, Civil Rights Act, 1964
• No discrimination based on race
• Clinton Executive Order
• MPO impact analysis
• No disparate impact
• Expanded outreach

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Lessons Learned

• MPO Research
• Governance
• Race/Gender balance
• DOT Influence
• Function
• Louisville 2 state planning and development
  agency
• Minneapolis/St. Paul Metro Council
  transportation water/sewer/ airport regional
  parks
• Public Participation
• Miami-Dade
• Planning
• Metro Council EJ calculations in plan/GIS coding
• Project Selection
• Where there were organized coalitions, made a
  difference

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Faith-Based Organizing

• Minneapolis/St. Paul - ISAIAH
• Statewide Brownfield Funding Lw
• Livable Communities Act-Fair Share Housing
• Light Rail Transit
• Northwest Indiana Federation of Interfaith
  Organizations
• Single transportation authority
• Commuter rail line corridor change
• Transit needs study incorporated into long range
  plan
• Adoption of new public involvement and
  environment justice policy d
• Detroit- MOSES
• Detroit Area Regional Transportation Authority
• Fix It First legislation 90 state funding
  for infrastructure repair/maintenance.
• Pittsburgh
• Pittsburgh Interfaith Impact Network
• Pittsburgh Equity Transportation Program

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Access to Work

• Minneapolis/St. Paul
• Foundation and state grants seeded county
  planning committees
• Van pools reverse commute night owl service
• New transit hub facilities- co locate job
  service/day care
• Jacksonville
• Interchurch Coalition for Action, Reconciliation
  Empowerment (ICARE)
• New bus route
• New transit hub
• Van shuttles from airport
• Coordination/cooperation on regional plan
• Pittsburgh
• ATW Task Force APTA Award

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NEXT STEPS

• Learn More About
• PIIN
• PTEP
• Transportation for Livable Communities Project
• May 2005 Summit
• SPC Long Range Plan Update