Addiction

1
Addiction

• Abuse vs. Addiction
• Who is at risk?
• Stages

2
Addictive Behavior

• Out of control habits negative health
• Difference between a habit and an addiction
• Pleasure
• Compulsion or Craving
• Loss of Control
• Negative Consequences
• Escalation

3
Who is at risk for trying drugs?

• Risk factor personality, environment, genetic
• Young men
• Low self-esteem
• Low academic achievement
• Friends/family use
• Chaotic home life

4
Drug Abuse

• Recurrent abuse affects
• Major responsibilities
• Physical Hazards
• Legal problems
• Continued use despite persistent problems
• Constant OR intermittent use!

5
Signs of Substance Dependence

• Withdrawal
• Rebellious
• Loss of interest
• Decline in school performance
• Change in friends
• Change in sleep patterns
• Money issues

6
Diagnosis Dependence

• Tolerance or withdrawalPhysical Dependence
• 3 or more over 12 months
• 1. Tolerance Physical
• 2. Withdrawal
• 3. Increases
• 4. Desire to cut down
• 5. Time
• 6. Replacing important activities
• 7. Use in spite of recognition

Compulsion
7
(No Transcript)
8
Stages of Addiction

• Cognitive (Reasoning)
• Benefit vs. Cost
• Conditioning (Associations)
• Triggers - Responses
• Time
• Thoughts
• Activities

9
Stage I Introductory PhaseCognitive
Energy Thinking Ability Sexual/Social
Confidence Euphoria Work Output Increased
Status Relief from Loneliness
Insomnia Depression Anxiety
Hangover/Feeling Ill May Be Expensive May Be
Illegal May Miss Work
10
Stage I Introductory PhaseConditioning
Strength of Conditioned Connection
Triggers
Responses
MILD
Parties Special Occasions
Infrequent Use No Physiological Response Pleasant
thoughts about AOD
11
Stage I Introductory PhaseDevelopment of
Obsessive Thinking
Sports
Family
Work
A.O.D.
Hobbies
Homework
12
Cognitive Process During AddictionStage II
Maintenance Phase
Beginnings of Physiological Dependence Financial
Problems Vocational Disruption Relationship
Concerns
Confidence Boost Sexual Enhancement Social
Lubricant Boredom Relief Depression Relief
13
Conditioning Process During AddictionStage II
Maintenance Phase
Strength of Conditioned Connection
Triggers
Responses
MODERATE
Parties Friday Nights Friends Concerts Alcohol Go
od Times Sexual Situations
Thoughts of AOD Cravings Occur as Use
Approaches Mild Physiological Arousal Eager
Anticipation of AOD Use Occasional Use
14
Development of Obsessive ThinkingStage II
Maintenance Phase
A.O.D.
Family
Work
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
Homework
Sports
Hobbies
15
Cognitive Process During AddictionStage III
Disenchantment Phase
Social Currency Occasional Euphoria Relief from
Lethargy Relief from Stress
Nose Bleeds Infections Relationship
Disruption Family Distress Impending Job Loss
16
Conditioning Process During AddictionStage III
Disenchantment Phase
Strength of Conditioned Connection
STRONG
Responses
Triggers
Weekends All Friends Stress Boredom Anxiety After
Work Loneliness
Continual Thoughts of AOD Strong Physiological
Arousal Psychological Dependency Strong
Cravings Frequent Use
17
Development of Obsessive ThinkingStage III
Disenchantment Phase
A.O.D.
Family
Work
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
Homework
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
Sports
Hobbies
18
Cognitive Process During AddictionStage IV
Disaster Phase
Weight Loss Paranoia Loss of Family Seizures Sever
e Depression Unemployment Bankruptcy
Relief from Fatigue Relief from Stress Relief
from Depression
19
Conditioning Process During AddictionStage IV
Disaster Phase
Strength of Conditioned Connection
Triggers
Overpowering
Responses
Any Emotion Day Night Work Non-Work
Obsessive Thoughts about AOD Powerful Automatic
Response Powerful Physiological
Dependency Automatic Use
20
Development of Obsessive ThinkingStage IV
Disaster Phase
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.
A.O.D.