BU115: Computer Concepts Lecture Slides Input and Output Hardware

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BU115 Computer ConceptsLecture SlidesInput
and Output Hardware
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Input and Output Hardware

• LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Basic I/O Principles
• Classification of Devices
• Principles of Operation
• Device Characteristics
• Input/Output Controls

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Input/Output HardwareQuestion?

• What Input/Output devices would you find in an
  ATM?
• What is the function of each?

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McGraw-Hill Website
Input Devices QUIZ Chap 3B
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Computer Hardware
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Coding SystemsFlashing LightsFlagsMorse Code
Ships
EBCDICASCII
Computers
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BINARY CODES
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1
1
0
0
0
0
0

• Binary means 2 states
• (1 or 0, i.e. ON or OFF states.)
• Eg. ASCII, EBCDIC
• Binary digITs are 1 and 0

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ASCII Code for C
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0

• Each (keyboard) character is represented using
  eight bits ( 1 byte)
• E.g. A is 0100 0001 in ASCII
• Each bit is either 1 or 0, i.e. ON or OFF
  state.

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Input HardwareDevice Classes

• Keyboard Devices
• Pointing Devices
• Scanning Devices

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Keyboard Devices
Standard Typewriter Keys
Special Function Keys
Numeric Keypad Keys

• Keyboard Layout

Cursor Movement Keys
Special Purpose Keys
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Keyboard Devices

• Terminals
• Display screen keyboard
• Dumb - send receive only
• Smart - builtin functions programmable keys
• Intelligent - processing capability (I.e. PC)

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Pointing Devices

• Mouse
• Trackball
• Joystick
• Touch Screen
• Light Pen
• Digitizing Tablet
• Stylus
• Puck
• Pen-Based System

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Scanning Devices

• Magnetic-Ink Character Recognition (MICR)
• Special magnetic characters
• Used in banking industry
• Optical
• Bar-Code Reader (UPC)
• Optical Mark Recognition (OMR)
• Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

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Scanning Devices

• Facsimile Transmission
• Dedicated Fax Machine
• Fax Modem
• Imaging Systems
• Optical Scanners

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Voice-Recognition
Hello There

• Digitize sound
• Interpret meaning
• Pattern-Matching
• Display
• Execute

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Voice-Recognition
Display
Hello There
Hello There

• Hello There

Hello There
Phonetic Models (Identify sound) Dictionary (Buil
d words) Grammar (Apply rules)
Output
Speech
Signal Processing (Sound to code)
Recognition Search (Optimize words)
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Voice-Recognition
Hello There
Hello There
Hello There
Three Limitations

• Speaker dependence
• Single words vs. continuous speech
• Lack of comprehension

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Input Device Classes

• Pros and Cons
• Speed
• Accuracy
• Ease of Use
• Cost

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Input Controls
Controls Ensuring integrity of input (GIGO)

• Visual Checking
• Edit Programs
• Batch Balancing
• Control Reports

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Input HardwareSummary

• Input Device Classes
• Principles of Operation
• Pros and Cons
• Input Controls

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Next Week Ch. 3 Output Devices Ch. 4
Storage Devices
I/O DEVICESReview

• All input (data and instructions) goes into a
  computers CPU in binary, or digital format (1s
  and 0s).
• Input devices convert from alpha/numeric to
  binary
• Input devices may be classified according to
  their technology

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End of Input Devices
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McGraw-Hill Website
Input Devices QUIZ Chap 3A
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BU115 Computer ConceptsLecture SlidesOutput
Hardware
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Output Hardware

• OUTPUT Classification
• Hard Copy e.g. Printer
• Soft Copy e.g. Monitor

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Computer Hardware
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Output HardwareQuestion?

• What Output devices would you recommend for a
  Marketing firm?
• Justify your selections.

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Output HardwareChoosing a Printer or Monitor

• Specifications
• Technology
• Performance Features
• Make/Manufacturer (standards)

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Output Hardware

• Hard Copy Devices
• Printers
• Plotters
• Microfiche/film

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Output Hardware
Hard Copy Devices

• Printers
• Impact
• Non-impact ..
• Plotters
• Pen
• Electrostatic
• Thermal

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Output Hardware Printers Classes

• Impact
• Dot Matrix
• Line
• Non-Impact
• Ink/bubble jet ( HP DeskJet)
• Laser
• Thermal

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Laser Printing
HEATING UNIT
TONER CARTRIDGE
PAPER
CHARGED DRUM
ROTATING MIRROR
LASER DEVICE
From RAM
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Output Hardware Printer Characteristics(Selectio
n Criteria)

• Resolution (dpi 600/1200)
• Speed (cps, lpm, ppm)
• Capital cost (device)
• Operating cost (paper, toner,..)
• Output quality

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Output Hardware

• Soft Copy Devices
• CRT/Monitors
• Flat-Panel Displays
• Audio Devices

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Monitor Operation
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Output Hardware Monitor Characteristics
(Selection Criteria)

• Size/Shape
• Monochrome/Colour
• Resolution
• Dot pitch
• Refresh rate

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Output Hardware Monitor Characteristics

• Size/Shape
• Diagonal in inches
• Flat Screen, Neck
• Monochrome/Colour
• 256, 16/32bit (High/True)

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Output Hardware Monitor Characteristics

• Resolution
• Pixels (horiz. x vert.)
• Standards
• VGA 600 x 480
• SVGA 800 x 600
• XGA 1024 x 768

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Output Hardware Monitor Characteristics

• Dot pitch
• Space between pixels e.g. 0.25mm
• Refresh rate
• scans/sec e.g. 75Hz

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Output Hardware
Soft Copy Devices

• Flat-Panel Display Screens
• Substances Between Plates
• Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD)
• Electroluminescent Display (EL)
• Gas-Plasma Display
• Arrangement of Transistors
• Active-Matrix (TFT) Display
• Passive-Matrix Display

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Output Hardware
Other Output Options

• Audio-Output Devices
• Digitized Sound
• Speech Synthesis
• Video-Output Devices
• Video-Conferencing
• High-Definition Television
• Virtual-Reality Devices

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Smart Cards Built-in semiconductor CPU RAM
Optical Cards Laser storage
Other Input/Output Media
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Next Session - Chapter 4 Storage Devices
I/O DEVICESReview

• Output devices convert from binary to
  alpha/numeric
• Output devices are classified into soft-copy and
  hard-copy
• Selecting the right output device(s) is an
  important decision for end-users.

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Break Time10 mins