Television Development

1
Television Development

• Mario Vargas
• Kin Piu Lam

2
Project Goals

• Gain a better understanding of the origins of
  Television
• where we are now
• what we see for future developments

3
Overview

• Project Plan
• Nipkows Disk
• Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
• Color Television
• High Definition Television (HDTV)

• Projection Television
• The four new television evolutions
• Price Ranges
• Enhanced Television
• Conclusion

4
Project Plan

• Kin
• Research on High Definition TV
• Research on new technologies
• Projection television
• Mario
• Research on mechanic and electronic television,
  including color television
• Research on enhanced television and future
  developments
• Interactive TV

5
Nipkows Disk

• Paul Nipkows Disk

6
Mechanical Television

• Before 1930s
• Uses Nipkows Disk

Front view
Inside View
7
Cathode-Ray Tube

• First introduced in 1897 by German scientist,
  Karl Ferdinand Braun
• In 1905, first demonstrated
• Being used in most televisions today
• Called tube television or electronic television

8
How the CRT works?

• http//www.howstuffworks.com/tv2.htm

9
CRT (internal view)
10
Electronic Television

• Hindered television sales
• Great Depression
• World War II
• Post WWII, Golden Age of Television
• Black and white

11
Color Television

• Trichromatic color mixing theory
• CBS color system incompatible with black and
  white sets at home
• Field Sequential method, sandwiched wheel
• RCAs system worked on monochrome monitors
• Dot sequential method, sampling using
  time-division multiplexing

12
RCAs Color TV System
13
Aspect ratio

• This film has been modified from its original
  version. It has been formatted to fit your
  screen
• Fitting the picture from widescreen to home
  television

14
High Definition TV (HDTV)

• Motivated by Hollywood to boost ticket sales
• Uses our field of vision, which is more
  rectangular than square
• stronger visual impact

15
HDTV

• Higher resolution and quality audio
• More pixels per inch creating a smoother picture
• 1 NTSC pixel 4.5 HDTV pixels
• Is becoming more and more important to consumers

16
Projection Television

• No different from regular television sets, just
  bigger
• Most consider 40 plus as projection TV
• Supported by both tube and fixed pixel display
  television

17
Projection Television

• Examples

18
Front or Transmissive Projection

• Screen is located across the room
• Light passes through the image-forming display
  panel and is then projected onto the screen

19
Rear or Reflective Projection

• Screen is located within the TV box
• Light is reflected off the projection display
  panel and is then projected onto the screen

20
New Technologies

• Fixed-Pixel Displays
• Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD)
• Plasma
• Digital Light Processing (DLP)
• Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS)

21
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

• Liquid crystals coated with phosphors
• Voltage applied by thin-film transistor (TFT)
• The cells untwist to an exact degree to filter
  light beams

(Courtesy of Sound Vision Magazine)
22
LCD

• Pro
• Bright colors
• Only a few inches deep
• Con
• Worst fixed-pixel display for true black
• Low resolution (not enough for HDTV)
• Narrow viewing angle

23
Plasma

• Gas-filled sub-pixels coated with red, green, and
  blue phosphors
• Voltage applied by electrode
• Exciting the gas to stimulate the phosphors to
  emit color light beams

(Courtesy of Sound Vision Magazine)
24
Plasma

• Pro
• Wide viewing angle
• Bright pictures
• High enough resolution for HDTV
• Con
• Also does not produce true black
• Potential for burn-in

25
Digital Light Processing (DLP)

• Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) made up of tiny
  mirrors
• Reflect the light from the lamp onto the screen

(Courtesy of Sound Vision Magazine)
26
DLP

• Pro
• Best fixed-pixel display at producing true black
• Con
• Prone to rainbow
• effect

27
Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS)

• Gas-filled sub-pixels coated with red, green, and
  blue phosphors
• Voltage applied
• Exciting the gas to stimulate the phosphors to
  emit color light beams
• Light is then reflected of the mirrors to the
  screen

(Courtesy of Sound Vision Magazine)
28
LCoS

• Pro
• Highest resolution compared to LCD and DLP and
  obviously supports HDTV
• Pixel spacing in close, creating
• smoother pictures
• Con
• Not explored extensively yet

29
Television Price Ranges

• CRT
• 500 2000
• LCD
• 2500 8000
• Plasma
• 3000 15000

• DLP
• 4000 15000
• LCoS
• 15000 and up

30
Enhanced Television

• Interactive TV
• Watch TV, but customize it and make it your own
• Example show Demo
• Experiments by TCI and Timer Warner 1980s
• Shop online, play games, etc..
• Testers found the service very useful
• Failed due to inability to cover cost of
  operating the service and keep the prices
  reasonable for consumer

31
Conclusion

• LCoS is most likely to becoming the wave of the
  future television market
• Combines both technology of LCD and DLP
• Eliminates the rainbow effect by using a prism
  instead of a spinning color wheel
• Expensive but may become economically affordable
  within the next few years
• HDTV supported by LCoS
• HDTV preferred by consumers

32
Conclusion (cntd)

• Things to see in the future
• Convergence of TV and computers
• Cheaper Interactive Television
• Embedding the interactivity inside the broadcast
  signal

33
Reference

• http//www.tvhistory.tv/
• http//www.novia.net/ereitan/
• http//www.acmi.net.au/AIC/NIPKOW5FDISK.html
• http//www.howstuffworks.com/tv2.htm
• http//inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?
  sitehttp//ieee.cincinnati.fuse.net/reiman/105F1
  994.html
• http//www.museum.tv/archives/etv/C/htmlC/colortel
  evis/colortelevis.htm
• http//www.civilization.ca/hist/tv/tv02eng.html
• http//www.pbs.org/opb/crashcourse/enhanced_tv/