An Uptight City on a Hill

1
An Uptight City on a Hill

• Puritan Massachusetts,
• Part I

2
The Reformation in England

• 1558 Elizabeth I reestablishes the Church of
  England (Anglican Church)
• Elizabeth more politically than religiously
  motivated
• Allows England greater independence from
  continental Europe i.e., France and Spain

3
The Reformation in England

• Many English Protestants want more radical change
• Not happy with Church of England
• Many of dissatisfied were educated and
  well-connected

4
Two Broad Divisions of English Protestants

• Non-Separatists
• Purify the Church of England
• Called Puritans

• Separatists
• Church of England cant be fixed
• Go their own way
• Examples
• Baptists
• Quakers

5
James I and the Church

• James is King of both England and Scotland
• Wants to unify them and use religion as a tool
• Moderation and standardization
• King James Bible (1611) Authorized Version
• Liturgy
• Hierarchy

6
Puritans

• Had been around since Elizabeth created the
  Church of England
• Really unhappy with James I
• Social status
• University faculty and educated clergy
• Merchants
• Well-to-do farmers

7
Puritan Beliefs

• John Calvin and Calvinism
• Predestination
• Providence
• Covenant
• Congregationalism
• Eliminate ties to Catholic past

8
Puritans are not Pilgrims

• Pilgrims were Separatists
• Dutch interlude
• Decision to emigrate to America, 1620
• Mayflower Compact

• Founded Plymouth Plantations
• Failed
• Bad land, bad planning, no profits
• Can attract neither investors nor colonists

9
Massachusetts Bay Company

• Joint-stock venture
• Charter allowed for fifty years of self-rule
• Founded Boston, June 1630
• 20,000 settlers by 1640

10
Puritan Priorities

• Doctrinal conformity
• Colony had a lot of non-Puritan settlers
• Experimental nature of colony
• Right John Winthrop

11
Puritan Priorities

• Social order
• Providence, Predestination, Covenant
• Dont want to get whacked
• Right Hieronymous Bosch, The Last Judgment

12
Problem People

• ROGER WILLIAMS
• Separatist preacher in Salem
• Kicked out in 1635
• Founded Rhode Island

13
Problem People

• ANNE HUTCHINSON
• Antinomianism
• Well placed among Puritan elite
• Tried and banished, 1637