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Climate change, adaptation, and M

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International Workshop on Evaluating ... Inventories of greenhouse gases (EPA, IPCC etc) ... Vulnerability assessment for the Greater Horn of Africa (IDRC CCAA) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Climate change, adaptation, and M


1
Climate change, adaptation, and ME framework
ILRI and the CGIAR H. Ade Freeman International
Livestock Research Institute
International Workshop on Evaluating Climate
Change and Development Alexandria, Egypt, May
10-13, 2008
2
Climate change and adaptation
  • A large global community is working on climate
    change issues
  • across sectors and disciplines
  • Inventories of greenhouse gases (EPA, IPCC etc)
  • Climate prediction and modelling
    (universities/research centres)
  • Adaptation options (NGOs, IARCs, universities,
    industry, private sector not everybody with a
    pro-poor and vulnerability focus)
  • The CGIAR and ILRI in particular, need to focus
    on few niche areas so
  • need for strategic partnerships with carefully
    chosen collaborators
  • Focus is on agriculture, livestock, and food
    systems to address threats
  • on food security, livelihoods, and the
    environment

3
On-going research on climate change and livestock
at ILRI
Vulnerability assessment for the Greater Horn of
Africa (IDRC CCAA) Anticipating, adapting to,
and coping with climate risks in Kenya (KACCAL)
Dynamic Interactions among People, Livestock, and
Savanna Ecosystems under Climate Change (NSF)
Targeting and priority setting of climate change
adaptation options (ASARECA) Adapting to
climate change and climate variability in
livestock systems in marginal, rapidly-changing
areas of East and southern Africa (BMZ) Climate
change, Agriculture and Food Security (CGIAR
Climate Change Challenge Programme)
4
ILRIs work on climate change adaptation
  • Framework for climate change adaptation work
  • Analytical and diagnostic studies
  • Identifying hotspots of climate change and
    vulnerability
  • Vulnerability assessment to identify intervention
    options
  • Climate change scenarios and assessing ex-ante
    adaptive responses and impacts on livestock
    communities and ecosystems
  • Test feasibility of promising adaptation options,
    support design and formulation of adaptation
    strategy
  • Assess feasibility of index based livestock
    insurance (IBLI) for large populations facing
    co-variate risks linked to climate change
  • Identify institutional arrangement to deliver
    livestock insurance product to the poor,
    particularly women
  • Build capacity of research and non-research actors

5
ILRIs work on climate change adaptation
  • Support implementation of adaptation projects
  • Pilot testing of adaptation interventions eg.
    IBLI
  • Results based monitoring and evaluation, focusing
    on what works, what does not work, and why,
    lessons learned and issues for scaling up

6
CGIAR Challenge Program on Climate Change,
Agriculture and Food Security
  • Brings together complementary strengths of
  • The CGIAR Alliance
  • The Earth System Science Partnership
  • Their respective partners

7
Objectives of CCCP
  • To close critical gaps in knowledge of how to
    enhance, and manage the trade-offs between food
    security, livelihoods, and environmental goals in
    the face of a changing climate
  • To develop and evaluate options for adapting to a
    changing climate to inform agricultural
    development, food security policy and donor
    investment strategies
  • To assist farmers, policy makers, and donors to
    continually monitor, assess, and adjust their
    actions in response to a changing climate

8
(No Transcript)
9
A data integration and modelling framework for
the CCCP
10
Monitoring and evaluation framework for
adaptation
  • Monitoring Evaluation
  • Essential step towards greater effectiveness and
    accountability
  • Needs to be linked to program likely to bring
    about desired change (strategy or logic model) to
    enhance learning
  • Two dimensions
  • Outcome and impact dimension project and program
    level
  • Process dimension overall performance or
    achievements
  • What works, what does not work, and why
  • How to improve strategy and sharpen operations to
    maximize sustainable impact

11
ME as a management tool for adaptation
  • Needs clear goals, objectives, and measurable
    outcomes
  • Provide information to make timely, evidence
  • based, and cost effective decisions on
  • progress towards achieving adaptation goals and
    objectives
  • necessary adjustments to adaptation interventions

12
ME framework for adaptation
  • Planning adaptation interventions
  • vulnerability assessments, baseline data, climate
    change scenarios
  • establish socio-economic, climate baseline
    conditions, policy and institutional environment
    for adaptation e
  • establish adaptation targets or proxies
  • Improve implementation of adaptation projects and
    programs
  • Periodically monitor baselines, scenarios, and
    changes in baseline conditions
  • Involve beneficiaries in reviewing indicators and
    measurement systems
  • Engage beneficiaries to reflect critically on
    project implementation to improve action
  • Use feedback to adjust strategy, activities, and
    if necessary ME system

13
ME framework for adaptation
  • Track progress towards adaptation goals
  • Gather longitudinal/panel data and analyze them
    to assess trends in key outcomes
  • Involve project beneficiaries in assessing
    performance
  • (participatory ME, FGD, etc)
  • Provide feedback and help develop local
    capacities for assessing performance
  • Communicate evaluation results in way that
    command attention and
  • compel action
  • Taken together, these three stages planning,
    implementation, and
  • progress measurement amount to an integrated
    cycle of continually
  • improving performance and increasing impact
  • Experimental quasi-experimental design
  • Counterfactual (with and without) to demonstrate
    impact or ensure accountability but
  • Cost, timeliness limit usefulness for dynamic
    decision- making

14
ME framework for adaptation
  • Experimental quasi-experimental design
  • Counterfactual (with and without) to demonstrate
    impact or ensure accountability but
  • Cost, timeliness limit usefulness for dynamic
    decision- making

15
Evaluation issues related to adaptation impacts
  • Climate change is just one piece of the
    development
  • puzzle how to separate out the climate piece?
  • What is the nature of the climate piece? May
    be
  • Short-term, related to climate variability
    (difficulties of quantifying risk benefits)
  • Long-term, related to changing climate means
    (difficulties of quantifying benefits over long
    time periods)
  • Attribution who did what, and with what
    effects?

16
  • Thank You
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