Strategic Move

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Strategic Move ROMANIA Mihaela Chiru
Institute of Educational SciencesEuroguidance
Romania

• Euroguidance EURES ConferenceEuropean Mobility
  for Educational and Employment Reasons
• Athens, Oct. 15, 2004

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Economic development (2000 2002)

• Economic growth in constant rising trend
• 4 in 2002
• Internal gross product
• 5290 to 6660 Euros
• Annual inflation gradual decreasing trend
• 40.7 - 17.8

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Contribution to the added gross value
Branch () Year 2000 Year 2001 Year 2002
Services 51.7 48.7 49.4
Industry 30.4 31.2 32.1
Agriculture 12.4 14.7 13.0
Construction 5.5 5.4 5.5
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SMEs

• 400 000 active businesses
• 1.8 mil employees
• 40 of the added gross value in economy
• 2.6 more jobs created than in 2001
• 50 higher profit than in 2001

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Financial assistance for SMEs

• Unemployment Budget
• Credit Programme by the National Employment
  Agency (60 of the annual fund for active
  measures)
• PHARE (16.6 mil Euro)
• BERD European Bank for Reconstruction and
  Development
• BDCMN Black Sea Bank for Development and
  Cooperation
• BEI European Bank for Investment

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Highlights for 2004-2006

• Simplifying the authorization system (according
  to the European Chart of SMEs)
• Multiplying the programmes for supporting the
  investments in priority industrial sectors
• food industry
• car construction industry
• Strengthening the communication with the
  professional and employers associations

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Labour market

• The ration between Inactive Population
• (under and over employment age)
• and Active Population
• (aged 15 64)
• moved from 53.4 in 1990 to 45 in 2003

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Distribution of population on economic sectors
(2002 and 2003)

• Increase of population occupied
• in industry (29.5 - 30.9)
• in services (34.1 35.5)
• Decrease of the population occupied in
  agriculture 36.4 - 33.6
• Still high percentage in comparison with
  both the average EU-15 level (4) and the AC-10
  level (13)

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Unemployment

• Unemployment rate in 2002
• 7.2 according to the number of registered
  laid off
• 8.1 according to the ILO standards
• Dominantly in the urban areas, former industrial
  regions
• The rather low unemployment rate compared to the
  new EU countries (14.8) is due to the high
  number of people involved with agriculture.

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Income level

• High level in sectors that went through
  restructuring, 44 higher in the public sector
• Financial-banking system
• Petrol processing
• Energetic
• Mail service and telecommunication
• Mining and oil extraction

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Income level

• Low paid sectors
• Retail sales
• Hotel industry
• Reducing the global income tax from 40 to 30
• Exemption from paying the global income tax
  applied to sectors endangered by the brain-drain
  phenomenon (software engineers, programmers,
  system engineers)

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Demography

• Between 1990-2002 the population of Romania has
  decreased by over 1.5 mil people
• Last census of Feb. 2002 indicates 2 168 100 000
  inhabitants
• Rural population has grown from 45.7 to 47.3
• Diminishing the population aged 0-14 with 807 000
  individuals
• Reorganizing the school network, reallocation of
  resources and changes operated in the name of
  quality assurance in education

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Work permit

• The Ministry of Labour advances annually the
  number of work permits to be issued
• The work permit is issued by the Bureau for the
  Workforce Migration www.omfm.ro
• Contact 1-3 Valter Maracineanu St.
• 010155 Bucharest, RO

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Long-term stay visa in Romania not requested if

• Originate in a state with which visa
  requirements are exempted or Romania dropped
  unilaterally the visa requirement
• Benefit of the right of temporary stay, in
  respect of reuniting with the family
• Benefit of the right of temporary stay due to
  studies and asks for employment with individual
  part-time contracts (max 4h / day)
• Are family members of Romanian citizens based in
  Romania

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Employable without a work permit if

• Permanently residing in Romania
• Citizens of the EU and EEA member states
• Free access on the labour market guaranteed by
  bilateral agreements / conventions
• Refugees
• Work in a Romanian branch of a WTO company
• Carry out scientific / artistic / teaching
  temporary activities, officially proven
• Perform temporary work at the request of
  ministries, or central administration bodies

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Conditions for employment

• Job positions cannot be filled with Romanian
  staff
• Meeting all the employers prerequisites in areas
  of professional training and experience
• Prolongation of the work permit is an option only
  if the first two amendments apply
• Possession of a work permit

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Conditions for employment

• Stagiary workers can be employed for up to
  12 months, with the possibility to prolong the
  contract until the professional qualification is
  attained
• Seasonal workers can be employed for up to
  6 months in a given period of one year, and must
  stay out of the national borders for at least
  other 6 months before being allowed for the same
  purpose. The contract cannot be prolonged by
  involving a different type of work.

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Study in Romania

• Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications
  concerning HE in the European Region (Lisbon,
  1997)
• Bologna Process implementation of the common
  European HE area (1999)
• Quality assurance systems
• ECTS from 1998-1999
• Transparency of educational programmes
• No. of universities 49 public 20 private

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EU community programmes in Romania

• 1991-1997 TEMPUS
• 5 040 Romanian students enrolled in studies
  abroad
• 802 foreign nationals to attend courses in
  Romania
• 1998-2003 SOCRATES and LEONARDO
• 9 000 Romanian students to study abroad
• 1998 - CEEPUS
• Central European Exchange for University Students
  Programme

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HE system

• Decentralized funding system shifted to per
  capita funding concept, based on quality
  indicators
• Introduction of tax-places in public education
• Social and merit study grants

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HE system

• The draft Law on the Structure of Academic
  Studies starting with the academic year
  2005-2006
• 1st cycle requires 3-4 university study years,
  leading to Bachelors title, wider qualification
  and the possibility of continuing education
• 2nd cycle includes Masters studies for highly
  specialized qualifications
• 3rd cycle includes 3-5 years of Doctoral studies

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Duration of long-term studies

• 8 semesters (4 y) Science, Humanities,
  Economics, Social sciences, Law, Political
  science, Art, Sports
• 10 semesters (5 y.) Engineering, Pharmacy,
  Agriculture, Forestry
• 12 semesters (6 y.) Medicine, Dentistry,
  Veterinary medicine, Architecture

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Structure of the academic year

• Start at mid Sep. / mid Oct.
• 2 semesters of 14 weeks
• 4 holidays at the end of the 1st sem.,
  Christmas, Easter, summer
• 22-28 h / week
• Full time courses, evening courses, extra-mural
  courses, distance learning

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Admission requisites for foreign students

• Application form
• Legalized copy of the Baccalaureate Diploma or
  equivalent (for undergraduate studies)
• Legalized copy of the Graduation Diploma (for
  graduates and PhD)
• Academic record translated into Romanian,
  English, French or German
• Language certificate
• Language test for persons who can speak
  Romanian
• Preparatory year (organized in 10 universities
  across the country)
• Formal prove for having studied in Romanian 4
  y. consecutively
• Legalized copy of the Birth Certificate
• Legalized copy of the passport
• Medical certificate

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Special requisites

• Portfolio
• architecture, arts, sports
• Good command of the tuition language
• Romanian, English, French, German

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Admission procedures

• Application file to be submitted either to the
  Ministry of Education, either directly to the
  chosen university, in order to receive the
  approval statement / Letter of Acceptance in at
  least 2 months from the issuing of the complete
  file.
• The applicant endorses the documents to the
  Romanian Embassy in Greece. When proved valid,
  study visa is issued.
• The applicant comes to Romania in person, with
  the original documents.
• Deadline for undergraduate and graduate studies
  Sep. 1st
• No deadline for PhD applicants
• Faculties of Medicine have two deadlines for
  post-graduate studies Nov. 30th and March 31st

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Budget
Undergraduate Programmes (US ) Technical Economics Humanities Agronomy Sports Medicine Pharmacy   Music Arts Dramatic arts Theatre and film direction
Tuition (10 months) 3200 3200 3200 3200
Health care (12 months) in tuition in tuition in tuition in tuition
Room and board 1500 - 2000 1500 - 2000 1500 - 2000 1500 - 2000
Books and supplies 1000 1000 1000 1000
Personal and travel 150 - 500 150 - 500 150 - 500 150 - 500
Estimated total 5850 - 6700 5850 - 6700 5850 - 6700 5850 - 6700
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Diplomas to be obtained in Romania

• Study certificate studies completed, no degree
  passed
• Licence diploma university diploma degree
• Master diploma
• Advanced studies diploma
• Study diploma holders of first degree enrolled
  at the end of 2-3 y. graduate programme, for
  increased professional specialisation
• PhD highest academic degree in fields of
  science or arts for study and original research
• Doctor Honoris Causa honorary degree awarded by
  vote of the Senate to outstanding public figures
  in recognition of specific merits (science,
  technology, culture)

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Recognition of diplomas

• Governmental agreements and bilateral conventions
  for the recognition of diplomas, study
  certificates, scientific titles issued by
  education bodies accredited in Romania and in
  each of the following states
• Hungary, Moldova, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Ukraine,
  Russian Federation, Georgia
• Validity 5 years (starting with 1997),
  automatically renewed if the parts do not signal
  the intention to unravel the agreement
• National Centre for Recognition and Equivalence
  of Diplomas www.edu.ro/cnred.htm

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Recognition of diplomas for work reasons

• Request addressed to the minister of education
• Registration number from the Ministry of
  Education
• Diploma of study copy and legalized translation
• Copy of the passport
• Letter from the company, mentioning the job
  position that the given person is about to occupy
• Copy of the registration certificate from the
  company
• Fees 6.25 euros / pre-university education
  13.25 euros / higher education

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Scholarships in Greece 2004-2005

• 3 scholarships for complete university studies
• 3 scholarships for summer courses (language,
  history, culture)
• Prerequisite Greek, English or French
• 10-month scholarship for post-degree study or
  research work
• Prerequisites Greek agreement of the higher
  education body where currently enrolled,
  admitting to studies / specialization / research
  stages abroad in the given academic year

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Scholarships

• National Office for Scholarships Abroad
• www.edu.ro/onbss.htm
• Email onbss_at_mec.edu.ro burse_at_mec.edu.ro
• Contact 12, Spiru Haret St.
• 010176 Bucharest, RO

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Embassy of Romania in the Hellenic Republic

• Address 7, Rue Emmanoil Benaki
• Paleo Psychico
• Athenes, Greece
• Phone [phone]
• Fax [phone]
• Email roumaniaembassy_at_ath.forthnet.gr