Health%20Care%20Delivery%20Concepts%20and%20Issues

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Health Care DeliveryConcepts and Issues

• Shiv Chandra Mathur
• Professor of Public Health and Director
• State Institute of Health and Family Welfare,
  Rajasthan
• Jaipur, India

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Issues

• Health is a fundamental human right
• National Governments all over the World are
  striving to expand and improve their health care
  services.

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Current Criticism of Health Care
Services(Provided by the Governments)

• Predominantly urban oriented
• Mostly curative in nature
• Limited Access

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What is Health Care

• It is more than Medical Care
• It embraces a multitude of services provided to
  individuals and families by health professionals
  to promote, monitor and uphold the status of
  their health.
• Medical care is a subset of health care.

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Levels of Health Care

• Primary Health Care
• Secondary Health Care
• Tertiary Health Care

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Health Care Delivery - Changing Concepts

• Comprehensive Health Care
• Basic Health Services
• Primary Health Care
• Health Care System Development

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Comprehensive Health Care

• Term coined by Bhore Committee(1946) in India
• Provision of preventive, curative and promotional
  health services from womb to tomb to every
  individual residing in a defined geographic area.

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Basic Health Services

• Coined jointly by WHO/Unicef in 1975
• It is a network of coordinated, peripheral and
  intermediate health units capable of performing
  effectively a selected group of functions
  essential to the health of an area and assuring
  the availability of competent professionals and
  auxiliary personnel to perform these functions.

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Primary Health Care

• It is essential health care made universally
  accessible to individuals and acceptable to them,
  through their full participation and at a cost
  the community and country can afford.

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Principles of Primary Health Care

• Equitable Distribution
• Community Participation
• Intersectoral Coordination
• Appropriate technology

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Health For All

• Attainment of a level of health that wil enable
  every individual to lead a socially and
  economically productive life.

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Health Care Systems

• Public Systems
• PHC and Subentries
• Rural Hospitals District Hospitals
  Teaching Hospitals
• ESI and CGHS
• Defense and Railways
• Private Sector
• Polyclinics and Nursing Homes
• GPs and clinics
• Indigenous Systems
• Ayurveda and Siddha
• Unani and Tibbi
• Homeopathy
• Naturopathy
• Voluntary Health Agencies

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Components of Health System Development

• Quality Care component
• Human Resources Development
• NGO participation
• Public-Private Participation
• IEC

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Health System Development

• It is a combination of management sector and
  involves organizational matters to translate
  policies into services
• In India, Health System has three main links i.e.
  Central, State, and local or peripheral