The CALICE test beam at CERN

1
The CALICE test beam at CERN

• Fabrizio Salvatore
• Royal Holloway University of London
• (on behalf of the Calice Collaboration)

SPSC meeting, CERN, Geneva, 4th October 2007
2
The CALICE Collaboration
12 countries, 45 laboratories, 225
physicists/engineers ,

• High granularity calorimeters for precision
  physics

• Study of particle flow for sE/E 30/vE

• Validation of hadronic interaction models in MC

3
Outline

• Installation
• The prototypes tested at CERN
• Beam line setup
• Detectors description
• Data taking overview
• Energy points/position scans/angles
• Total events collected
• Detectors performances
• Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time
• Response of the detectors
• Shifts overview
• Total data taking time
• Shifts statistics
• Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

4
Outline

• Installation
• The prototypes tested at CERN
• Beam line setup
• Detectors description
• Data taking overview
• Energy points/position scans/angles
• Total events collected
• Detectors performances
• Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time
• Response of the detectors
• Shifts overview
• Total data taking time
• Shifts statistics
• Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

5
A difficult start..
http//www.pp.rhul.ac.uk/calice/fab/WWW/Pictures.
htm
June 07 from DESY to CERN
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Two weeks later
CALICE calorimeters
Si-W ECAL
Sci-Fe HCAL
Sci-Fe Tail Catcher
Veto
MWPC
Trigger
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SiW ECAL prototype

• 6x6 1x1cm2 Si pads
• Conductively glued to PCB

54 PCBs (30 layers) 216 channels/PCB (centre)
108 channels/PCB (bottom) Total channels
9072 Total radiation length 24 X0

• W layers wrapped in carbon fibre
• 3 modules with different tungsten thickness,
  total 24 X0
• Active silicon layers interleaved
  PCBSiWSiPCB layers
• 
  8.5 mm
• FE chip and readout on PCB board

8
Analog HCAL prototype

• 38 layers of scintillator tiles (90x90 cm2) with
  steel absorber
• High granularity
• 3x3 6x6 12x12 cm2 tiles
• 30 modules with fine granularity (216 tiles) and
  8 with coarse granularity (141 tiles)
• 7608 readout channels (SiPM)
• Total interaction length 4.5 l
• Common DAQ for ECALAHCALTCMT

• Measurements of shower leakage and m
  identification provided by Tail Catcher Muon
  Tracker (TCMT)
• 96 cm of iron absorber with 16 layers of 550mm2
  scintillator strips (10 l)

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A real tracking calorimeter

• We are working towards prototyping calorimeters
  for particle flow algorithms for the ILC !

Beam
TCMT
AHCAL
ECAL
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Beam-line setup

• Sc1Sc3 -gt 10x10cm2 beamData trigger

• Sc2 -gt 20x20cm2 muon
  calibration trigger

• Mc1Mc2 (placed on beam line only for muon
  calibration runs)
• -gt 100x100cm2
  calibration trigger

11
Outline

• Installation
• The prototypes tested at CERN
• Beam line setup
• Detectors description
• Data taking overview
• Energy points/position scans/angles
• Total events collected
• Detectors performances
• Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time
• Response of the detectors
• Shifts overview
• Total data taking time
• Shifts statistics
• Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

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Energy points and particle types
Proposed in TB plan Collected during TB
Energy (GeV) 6,8,10,12,15,18,20,25,30,40,50,60,80 6,8,10,12,15,18,20,25,30,40,50,60,80,100,120,130,150,180
Particles p/e p/e/protons

• Beam energies extrapolated from secondary beam
• Electron beam obtained sending secondary beam on
  Pb target
• p/e separation achieved using Cherenkov threshold
  detector filled with He gas
• Possible to distinguish p from e for energies
  from 25 to 6 GeV
• p/proton separation achieved using Cherenkov
  threshold detector with N2 gas
• Possible to distinguish p from protons for
  energies from 80 to 30 GeV

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Angle and position scans
Proposed in TB plan Collected during TB
Angles 0, 10, 15, 20, 30 0, 10, 20, 30
Position scans Centre of ECAL Centre of AHCAL Inter-alveolae Centre of ECAL 6cm from ECAL centre wafer Bottom slab of ECAL (6,0,3cm, -3cm) Centre of AHCAL Centre of ECAL AHCAL 6cm off beam-line Inter-alveolae (3cm, 3cm)
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Angular scans of ECALAHCAL

• One of the most important topic for this years
  tb we rotated (and re-staggered) both
  calorimeters !

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Total events collected
200M triggers !!!
slope 3M evts/day
16
Outline

• Installation
• The prototypes tested at CERN
• Beam line setup
• Detectors description
• Data taking overview
• Energy points/position scans/angles
• Total events collected
• Detectors performances
• Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time
• Response of the detectors
• Shifts overview
• Total data taking time
• Shifts statistics
• Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

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Trigger/DAQ rate

• High energy beams (30-180 GeV)
• Trigger rate on 10x10 set to lt10K pps to prevent
  damage to the detectors
• Average rate 8K pps
• DAQ rate 70-80 Hz
• Low energy beams (6-25 GeV)
• Trigger rate on 10x10 adjusted in beam files
  using available collimators
• Average rate 600 pps_at_ 6 GeV,
• 1-3K pps_at_ 8-25 GeV
• DAQ rate 35-60 Hz

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DAQ performance
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MWPC performance
Alignment performed by CERN survey group

• Well collimated beam, also at low energy
• Beam impact point tuned by shift crew
• differences 1cm from run to run

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ECAL response
e-
e
Irradiation of one PCB (see next slide)

• Plot made during shifts, no corrections applied

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Irradiation of one ECAL PCB
Test of one PCB with embedded electronics
5 position scan for each of the 4 chips on the
special ECAL slab - 90 (and 70) GeV electron beam
used 1.2 M events per chip
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AHCAL response
p- p
10o 20o
plots made during shift with online analysis
tool. NO corrections applied
runs lt 330231 marked as odd AHCAL longitudinal
profile
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Calibration with defocused muon beam
muon in HCAL
20 deg 10 deg 0 deg
noise stable _at_ 5 mip
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p/proton separation in ECAL/AHCAL
proton threshold
pion threshold
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TCMT response
TCMT
AHCAL
ECAL
Beam
180 GeV pion strong AHCAL-TCMT anti-correlation
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Up-time
Time since 5th of July 4 147 200 sec
14.4s super-cycle 2 389 798 sec
16.6s (20.4s) super-cycle 889 829 sec
Power cuts 86 400 sec
Summer students 57 600 sec
p/e/p data 1 790 698 sec
muons (100x100) 153 976 sec
muons (20x20) 131 752 sec
AHCAL only 365 195 sec
Calibration 318 447 sec
SPS up-time 79.1
Beam controlled by H6B 76.1 (96.2 of up-time)
DAQ taking analysis data 62 (81.5 of beam in H6B)
DAQ on calibration 15.1
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Outline

• Installation
• The prototypes tested at CERN
• Beam line setup
• Detectors description
• Data taking overview
• Energy points/position scans/angles
• Total events collected
• Detectors performances
• Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time
• Response of the detectors
• Shifts overview
• Total data taking time
• Shifts statistics
• Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

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Shift summary

• Fantastic response from the whole collaboration
  to a very intense TB programme
• Huge support from all SPS colleagues

Special thanks to Edda and Ilias for all their
help
Data-taking weeks 7 (July 5th to Aug 22nd)
Total shifts 418
July shifts 247
August shifts 171
(3 people/shift)
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Total shifts
Very few empty slots !
46 people taking shifts !
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Summary

• This years test beam has been a huge success !
• The test beam programme has been completely
  fulfilled, thanks to the hard work of everyone
  involved and to the extra weeks given to us by
  CERN
• The participation in the test beam has been
  incredible and full of enthusiasm from everyone
  in the collaboration
• We have 14 TB of data available on the grid
  ready to be analyzed

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Outlook

• Analysis of 2007 test beam data has started
• ECAL
• Physics performances linearity and resolution
• Detector performances study of noise of Si
  detectors
• Irradiation of test PCB with integrated
  electronics
• Particle flow algorithms applied to TB data
• AHCALTCMT
• Detector performances calibration of SiPM
• temperature dependence
  of SiPM signal
• Physics performances linearity and resolution
• Comparison with existing MC models
  characterization of electromagnetic and hadronic
  showers

Eagerly awaited by all ILC community !
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Outline

• Installation
• The prototypes tested at CERN
• Beam line setup
• Detectors description
• Data taking overview
• Energy points/position scans/angles
• Total events collected
• Detectors performances
• Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time
• Response of the detectors
• Shifts overview
• Total data taking time
• Shifts statistics
• Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

33
The 2006 test beam _at_ CERN

• Two beam periods
• Aug 25th ? Sept 6th
• ECALAHCAL 1.7M triggers, p beam, 5 energy
  points (30-80 GeV), 3 angles
• ECAL alone 8.6M triggers, e- beam, 6 energy
  points (10-45 GeV), 4 angles
• 30M muon events for calibration
• Oct 11th ? Oct 30th
• ECALAHCALTCMT
• e-/e beams, 3.8M triggers, 10 energy points
  (6-45 GeV)
• p-/p beams, 22M triggers, 11 energy points (6-60
  GeV)
• 40M muon events for calibration
• Preliminary results presented at LCWS07
• arXivPhysics.ins-det.0709.2516 

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Summary of 2006 data taken

• Size on disk 40 kB/evt
• 65M events 2.5 TB for CERN Physics runs
• 70 M 3 TB for muon calibration runs

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Preliminary results of ECAL analysis
Raw energy spectrum
Asymmetry due to inter-wafer gaps
Spectrum after selecting events outside gaps
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ECAL resolution (outside gaps)
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Linearity (outside gaps)
Non-linearities at few level
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Longitudinal shower development
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AHCAL response to electrons

• AHCAL alone (15 layers)
• Remove hits below 0.5 mip
• Energy sum of whole AHCAL, fit mean response

• Linearity better than 6

• Longitudinal energy profile

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Response to pions

• Energy sum compared between data and MC
• GEISHA (no neutron transport)
• GCALORFLUKAMICAP (full neutron response)
• Linearity

• Longitudinal shower development lead to similar
  conclusion as EM showers
• General trend as expected
• More detailed analysis needed for quantitative
  results

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Summary of 2006 test beam

• Analysis of 2006 data well under way
• More than 9TB of data to analyze !
• Excellent performance of the ECAL
• Very encouraging preliminary results on
  resolution, linearity and longitudinal shower
  development
• First results from e/p AHCAL results
• Encouraging results for EM studies
• Promising results from pion beam data
• Expect first publications by end of this year

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General Outlook

• The collaboration is very healthy !
• We are entering in the publications phase
• Two papers are being prepared on the 2006 test
  beam, and will be out by the end of the year
• Analysis on the 2007 data is well under way !
• There is a lot of interest in our results
• Several presentations at conferences
• LCWS07, EPS, ALCPG07, 2007 Geant4 Workshop,..
• We are growing !
• Three new institutes asked to join last month
• There are 30 PhD students doing their thesis on
  CALICE

Many thanks to all at the SPS that made all this
a reality !
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Backup slides
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The H6B beam

• Excellent beam set-up
• Super-cycle
• Secondary beam energies

-80 GeV wobbling p- (40-100 GeV) and e- (15-50 GeV)
-10 GeV wobbling p- and e- (6-25 GeV)
60 GeV wobbling p/p(30-80 GeV) and e (10-50 GeV)
-130 GeV wobbling p- (60-180 GeV) and e- (70-90 GeV)
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Data on disk
Combined ECALAHCAL
AHCAL only
Last run 33 1693
Number of runs 1 693
Combined runs to grid 1 693 (100)
Converted runs to grid 1 693 (100)
Disk space 8 274 GB
Disk space for converted runs 5 965 GB
Total disk space used 13 TB, 927 GB
Last run 35 0395
Number of runs 395
AHCAL runs to grid 395 (100)
Converted runs to grid 395 (100)
Disk space 598 GB
Disk space for converted runs 369 GB
Total disk space used 0 TB, 967 GB
14 TB of data !