Marking Classified National Security Information

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Marking Classified National Security Information
National Classification Management Society June
13-15, 2006
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Information Security Oversight Office (ISOO)

• MISSION
• ISOO oversees the security classification
  programs in both Government and industry and
  reports annually to the President on their
  status.
• FUNCTIONS
• Develops implementing directives and
  instructions.
• Maintains liaison with agency counterparts and
  monitors agency compliance.
• Develops and disseminates security education
  materials.
• Receives and takes action on complaints, appeals,
  and suggestions.
• Collects and analyzes relevant statistical data
  and, along with other information, reports them
  annually to the President.
• Serves as spokesperson to Congress, the media,
  special interest groups, professional
  organizations, and the public.
• Conducts special studies on identified or
  potential problem areas.
• Recommends policy changes to the President
  through the NSC.
• Provides program and administrative support for
  the Interagency Security Classification Appeals
  Panel (ISCAP).
• Provides program and administrative support for
  the Public Interest Declassification Board
  (PIDB).
• Reviews requests for original classification
  authority from agencies.
• Chairs interagency meetings to discuss matters
  pertaining to both Executive orders.
• Reviews and approves agency implementing
  regulations and agency guides for systematic
  declassification review.

3
General Disclaimer

• All slides in this presentation are
  Unclassified, they contain representations of
  classification markings solely for the purpose of
  training illustration.

4
References
Executive Order 12958 Classified National
Security Information as amended by Executive
Order 13292 of March 28, 2003
ISOO Directive 1 Classified National Security
Information September 22, 2003
Unclassified
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Why We Mark Classified Documents

• Alert the reader of the classification
• So they know how to protect it
• Show what portions contain classified
• Show the source of classification
• Provide declassification instructions

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Original Classification

An initial determination that information
requires, in the interest of the national
security, protection against unauthorized
disclosure.
E.O. 12958, as amended, Section 6.1 (bb)
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Portion Markings

• DEPARTMENT OF GOOD WORKS
• Washington, D.C. 20408
• November 1, 2003
• MEMORANDUM FOR THE DIRECTOR
• From David Smith, Chief Division 5
• Subject (U) Funding Problems
• 1. (U) This is paragraph 1 and contains
  unclassified information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "U"
  in parentheses.
• 2. (S) This is paragraph 2 and contains "Secret"
  information. Therefore, this portion will be
  marked with the designation "S" in parentheses.
• 3. (C) This is paragraph 3 and contains
  "Confidential" information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "C"
  in parentheses.

• The First Step
• Paragraphs, charts, tables, pictures,
  illustrations, subjects titles
• (U) Unclassified
• (C) Confidential
• (S) Secret
• (TS) Top Secret

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.21(c)
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Portion Markings

• Before Each Portion
• Subject (U) Funding Problems
• 1. (U) This is paragraph 1 and contains
  unclassified information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "U"
  in parentheses.
• 2. (S) This is paragraph 2 and contains "Secret"
  information. Therefore, this portion will be
  marked with the designation "S" in parentheses.
• 3. (C) This is paragraph 3 and contains
  "Confidential" information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "C"
  in parentheses.
• After Each Portion
• Subject Funding Problems (U)
• 1. This is paragraph 1 and contains unclassified
  information. Therefore, this portion will be
  marked with the designation "U" in parentheses.
  (U)
• 2. This is paragraph 2 and contains "Secret"
  information. Therefore, this portion will be
  marked with the designation "S" in parentheses.
  (S)
• 3. This is paragraph 3 and contains
  "Confidential" information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "C"
  in parentheses. (C)

• Place before OR after the portion
• Some agencies have their own preference on
  placement
• Portion markings are not optional, they are
  REQUIRED

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.21(c)
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Overall Markings

• SECRET
• DEPARTMENT OF GOOD WORKS
• Washington, D.C. 20408
• November 1, 2003
• MEMORANDUM FOR THE DIRECTOR
• From David Smith, Chief Division 5
• Subject (U) Funding Problems
• 1. (U) This is paragraph 1 and contains
  unclassified information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "U"
  in parentheses.
• 2. (S) This is paragraph 2 and contains "Secret"
  information. Therefore, this portion will be
  marked with the designation "S" in parentheses.
• 3. (C) This is paragraph 3 and contains
  "Confidential" information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "C"
  in parentheses.
• SECRET

• The Second Step
• Portions drive the Overall Markings (not vice
  versa, and not each other)
• The overall classification is the highest level
  of the information in the document
• Conspicuously place on the top and bottom
• Also, outside of front cover, title page, first
  page, outside of back cover
• Internal pages can be overall level of the
  document OR highest level of that particular page

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.21(b)
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Classified by Line

• SECRET
• DEPARTMENT OF GOOD WORKS
• Washington, D.C. 20408
• November 1, 2003
• MEMORANDUM FOR THE DIRECTOR
• From David Smith, Chief Division 5
• Subject (U) Funding Problems
• 1. (U) This is paragraph 1 and contains
  unclassified information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "U"
  in parentheses.
• 2. (S) This is paragraph 2 and contains "Secret"
  information. Therefore, this portion will be
  marked with the designation "S" in parentheses.
• 3. (C) This is paragraph 3 and contains
  "Confidential" information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "C"
  in parentheses.
• Classified by David Smith, Chief, Division 5
• Department of Good Works
• Office of Administration

• Third Step
• Identify the classification authority by name, or
  personal identifier and position
• Identify the agency if not already apparent.

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.21(a)(2)
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Reason for Classification Line

• Section 1.4 Classification Categories
• (a) Military plans, weapons, or operations.
• (b) Foreign government information.
• (c) Intelligence activities (including special
  activities), intelligence sources or methods, or
  cryptology.
• (d) Foreign relations or foreign activities of
  the U.S., including confidential sources.
• (e) Scientific, technological, or economic
  matters relating to the national security, which
  includes defense against transnational terrorism.
• (f) U.S. Government programs for safeguarding
  nuclear materials or facilities.
• (g) Vulnerabilities or capabilities of systems,
  installations, projects or plans relating to the
  national security, which includes defense against
  transnational terrorism.
• (h) Weapons of mass destruction.
• EXAMPLE
• Classified by David Smith, Chief, Division 5
• Department of Good Works
• Office of Administration
• Reason Military Plans Foreign Relations
• OR
• Reason 1.4 (a) and (d)

• The Fourth Step
• Cite one of the 8 reasons found in Section 1.4 of
  E.O. 12958, as amended
• Use paragraph numbers OR cite the reason by
  spelling it out.

Directive 1, Sec.2001.21(a)(3)
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Declassify on Line

• DATE OR EVENT
• Date of Origin November 1, 2003
• Classified by D. Smith, Chief, Division 5
• Department of Good Works
• Office of Administration
• Reason 1.4 (a) and (d)
• Declassify On Completion of Operation
• OR
• Declassify On December 31, 2011
• TEN YEAR DURATION
• Date of Origin November 1, 2003
• Classified by D. Smith, Chief, Division 5
• Department of Good Works
• Office of Administration
• Reason 1.4 (a) and (d)
• Declassify On December 31, 2013

• The Last Step, must choose one of the
  following
• Date or Event less than 10 years
• 10 years
• Greater than 10 but less than 25
• 25 years

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.21(a)(4)
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Originating Agency Determination Required
(OADR) and X1 through X8

• Reminders
• OADR has been unauthorized since 1995
• The X1 through X8 codes exempting documents
  from 10 year declassification have been
  unauthorized since Sep 2003.
• The 25X codes did not replace them! They are
  something totally different.

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.12(e)
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Duration of X1 through X8

• The markings for exemption X1 through X8 can no
  longer be used. When these markings appear on
  information dated before September 22, 2003, the
  information shall be declassified 25 years from
  the date of the original decision, unless it has
  been properly exempted under Section 3.3 of the
  Order.
• Note This will also hold true for information
  with these markings dated after September 22, 2003

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.12(e)
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Use of 25X1-human in the Declassify on Line

• The identity of a confidential human source or a
  human intelligence source does not need to be
  marked with a date or event.
• The marking for the exemption of this specific
  information is Declassify on 25X1-human
• This 25X1-human marking applies only to
  confidential human sources or human intelligence
  sources, not all intelligence sources and methods
• 25X1-human is normally the only 25X code that
  can be applied to the Declassify on line when
  the document is created.

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.21(e)
Directive 1, Sec. 2001.21(e)(1)
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Use of 25X1-25X9 in the Declassify on Line

• 25X markings require Interagency Security
  Classification Appeals Panel (ISCAP) approval
• The information must be
• in current use
• incorporated into classification guides
• The Declassify on line would show 25X(1 thru
  9) and a new declassification date
• Examples 25X4, October 10, 2040 or 25X4,
  20401010

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.21(e)
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Derivative Classification

• The incorporating, paraphrasing, restating, or
  generating in new form information that is
  already classified, and marking the newly
  developed material consistent with the
  classification markings that apply to the source
  information. Derivative classification includes
  the classification of information based on
  classification guidance. The duplication or
  reproduction of existing classified information
  is not derivative classification.

E.O.12958, as amended, Section 6.1 (n)
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Marking Derived Documents

• SECRET
• DEPARTMENT OF GOOD WORKS
• Washington, D.C. 20408
• December 1, 2003
• MEMORANDUM FOR THE DIRECTOR
• From David Smith, Chief Division 5
• Subject (U) Funding Problems
• 1. (U) This is paragraph 1 and contains
  unclassified information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "U"
  in parentheses.
• 2. (S) This is paragraph 2 and contains "Secret"
  information. Therefore, this portion will be
  marked with the designation "S" in parentheses.
• 3. (C) This is paragraph 3 and contains
  "Confidential" information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "C"
  in parentheses.
• Classified by David Smith, Chief, Division 5
• Department of Good Works
• Office of Administration
• Reason 1.4 (a) and (d)

• Paragraph 2 of this source
• document will be used in a
• derivative classification.

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22
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• SECRET
• DEPARTMENT OF GOOD WORKS
• Washington, D.C. 20408
• January 1, 2004
• MEMORANDUM FOR David Smith, Chief Division 5
• From Susan Goode, Director
• Subject (U) Recommendations for Resolving
• Funding Problems
• 1. (S) This is paragraph 1 and contains "Secret"
  information taken from paragraph two of the
  source document. Therefore this portion will be
  marked with the designation "S" in parentheses.
• 2. (U) This is paragraph 2 and contains
  unclassified information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "U"
  in parentheses.
• 3. (U) This is paragraph 3 and also contains
  unclassified information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "U"
  in parentheses.
• Derived from Memorandum dated 12/1/03
• Subj Funding Problems
• Department of Good Works
• Office of Administration

Derived from a Source Document

• The portion marking from the source is carried
  over to the derivative document.
• Overall markings also carry over
• Not required to transfer the Reason line to the
  derivative document

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22
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The Derived from and Declassify on Lines

• SECRET
• DEPARTMENT OF GOOD WORKS
• Washington, D.C. 20408
• January 1, 2004
• MEMORANDUM FOR THE DIRECTOR
• From David Smith, Chief Division 5
• Subject (U) Funding Problems
• 1. (U) This is paragraph 1 and contains
  unclassified information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation "U"
  in parentheses.
• 2. (S) This is paragraph 2 and contains "Secret"
  information. Therefore, this portion will be
  marked with the designation "S" in parentheses.
• 3. (U) This is paragraph 3 and contains
  unclassified" information. Therefore, this
  portion will be marked with the designation U"
  in parentheses.
• Derived from Memorandum dated 12/1/03
• Subj Funding Problems
• Department of Good Works
• Office of Administration

• Identify the source document used as the basis
  for classification
• Carry forward the instructions on the Declassify
  on line of the source to the derivative document

Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22(b)(d)
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Source Marked OADR
10/05/93
Source Document
Derivative Document
Declassify on OADR
Declassify on Source marked OADR
Date of Source 10/05/93
Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22(d)(2)(i)
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Source Marked X1 through X8
12/25/2000
Source Document
Derivative Document
Declassify on X4
Declassify on Source marked X4
Date of Source 12/25/2000
Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22(d)(2)(i)
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Derivatively Classifying From Multiple Sources

• Carry forward the portion marks from the source
• Use an overall marking matching the highest
  level

SECRET
SECRET
CONFIDENTIAL
Title (U)
(S)
(S)
(C)
(C)
(U).
Derivative
Source 1
Source 2
SECRET
SECRET
CONFIDENTIAL
Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22(b)
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The Derived From Line

• Use Multiple Sources to indicate that more
  than one source was used
• Maintain the identification of all sources with
  the file or record copy of the derivative document

Source 2
Source 1
Derivative
Derived from Multiple Sources
Classified by Chief, Division 5
Classified by Head, Good Mgt. Branch
Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22(b)
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Source Document Marked Multiple Sources

• Do not carry forward the notation Multiple
  Sources
• Identify the source document on the Derived
  from line

Derivative Document Used as a Source Document
Derivative Document
October 10, 2003
October 4, 2011
Derived from Multiple Sources Declassify on
05/14/2020
Derived from Agency XYZ Memo of 10/10/03
Declassify on 05/14/2020
Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22(b)(2)
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The Declassify on Line

Use the declassification instruction from the
source document that requires the longest period
of classification
Source 1
Source 2
Derivative
Dated January 1, 2004
Dated January 1, 2003
Declassify on Source marked X-1, Date of source
January 1, 2003
Declassify on Jan 1, 2010
Declassify on X-1
Directive 1, Sec. 2001.22(d)(2)
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Derivatively Classifying from a Guide
Page from sample guide
Markings on Derivative Document
SECRET
Classification Guide No. 128
(U) Title
Subj. Level Reason Duration
(C) Info about Project Blue
Project Blue
4/15/10
1.4(a)
C
(S) Info about Project Red
(U) Info about Project Green
Project Red
S
1.4(g)
6/23/19
Derived from Guide 128
Project Green
U
Declassify on 6/23/19
SECRET
Directive 1, Sec. 2001.15
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Questions?
william.cira_at_nara.gov 202 357-5323
INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE National
Archives Building 700 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.,
Room 503 Washington, D.C. 20408-0001 (202)
357-5350 phone [phone] fax isoo_at_nara.gov
www.archives.gov/isoo