From Here to There

1
From Here to There

• Physics is Everywhere!
• Investigation 1

2
What are we going to do?

• Investigating a couple of fundamental ideas in
  physics, force and motion
• Motion, speed, acceleration, force, gravity and
  momentum.
• 8 Investigations
• Test after each investigation

3
Journal Set Up

• Force and Motion
• Terms, Definitions and Symbols
• Equations 2 columns, 4 rows 2x48

4
Part 1

• Flying Air Trolleys

5
Motion

• On a new page in your journal write down a
  definition.

6
Air Trolleys!

• In order to better understand motion, we should
  study something that is moving. We have a system
  here that we can put into motion.
• The propeller can be wound up to put energy into
  the rubber band.
• Well hook the air trolley on a length of flight
  (fishing) line and drive it by propeller power.

7
Material Time

• Gather the materials as shown on your
  construction sheet.
• Work as a team to build your trolley and set up
  your line.
• 2 should construct the trolley
• 2 should set up the flight line
• Flight Line
• 5 m
• Should not block classroom movement

8
Play Time

• Make a spot in your journal under the word motion
  and your definition.
• Write the word Trolley Observations
• Put your trolley in motion
• Can you make it go in both directions
• Explain in your journal how you make your trolley
  move
• Write down all observations it will help later

9
Breakdown

• Unhook your flight lines and put the lines all
  the way in the garbage
• Sit down and open your journal
• Write down the word Discussion

10
Trolley Discussion

• Did you successfully get the trolley to move?
• How? Make sure you have explained how you were
  able to move the trolley?
• How do you know it moved? What evidence do you
  have that it moved?
• Write down your answer.

11
Movement Discussion

• How would you describe the trolleys movement to
  someone who wasnt here to see it? Write down
  your answer.
• Everything has to be someplace. In physics we
  refer to the place where something is as its
  position. You have a position, your notebook has
  a position, and your air trolley has a position.

12
Movement Cont.

• The symbol used in physics to indicate position
  is the lowercase x. Where have you seen X used
  to indicate the position of something?
• How can we show this on paper?
• In your journal draw a flight line and show the
  beginning position and ending position of your
  trolley flight.

13
Positions

• If x indicates the position of something, it
  looks like the trolley is in two places at once.
  Is that possible?
• How can we tell the two positions apart?
• Which is the starting position and which is the
  ending position?
• Did the trolley go in this direction or that
  direction?

14
Initial and Final

• In physics an objects starting position is
  called its initial position. Its ending position
  is called its final position. The way you write
  this is x with a subscript i or subscript f.
• Initial position xi
• Final position xf
• Add these to your terms and symbols page

15
Now What?

• Our picture now indicates that the trolley moved,
  and it indicates the direction it moved.
• What other information would help a stranger
  understand the movement of the trolley even
  better? (Write this in your journal.)
• Write your ideas in your journal under the
  question.

16
Distance

• The distance an object traveled is another
  important piece of information about movement.
• Distance can be measured in standard metric
  units, like meters, centimeters, kilometers and
  so on.
• Distance is how far a moving object went.

17
Measuring

• On the board we have a number line that is
  calibrated in meters and two trolleys.
• One trolley is xi and one is xf
• Lets measure the distance traveled by the
  trolley on the board.
• Mark on the board an arrow indicating where to
  start measuring and an arrow where to stop
  measuring.
• Measure and record on the board.
• Complete WS 7 Check to see if youre right!

18
Measuring cont.

• Write down the different ways to measure the
  distance.
• Which method is best?
• Why?
• For objects that are not points (like the air
  trolleys) it is important to establish a
  reference point on an object and monitor how far
  that reference point moves to determine how far
  the object moves.
• In this case the reference point can be the back
  of the trolley, the front of the trolley or any
  other location on the trolley.

19
Change of Position

• The Greek letter delta is written as a
  triangle. Delta is a symbol used in physics.
  Delta means change.
• We know that movement is change of position.
  Delta is change x is position. Change of
  position is represented by x.

20
Add to your terms and symbols page

• x change of position
• d distance
• Distance is how far something travels, or the
  amount of change of position.

21
Develop a Distance Equation

• We will use distance a lot in this course.
  Sometimes we will measure distance, and sometimes
  we will calculate distance. When we calculate
  distance, well use an equation.
• Work in your group to figure out the equation for
  calculating distance, using the symbols we have
  learned so far.
• Start with d

22
Distance Equation

• d xf xi
• In many cases the initial position will be at x
  0. In these cases the distance (amount of change
  of position) is equal to the final position. So
  d xf if the initial position is 0.
• Complete WS 7 on your own

23
Terms Check!

• Position (x) The location of an object at a
  given time
• Delta ( ) change
• Distance (d) the amount of change of position
• Motion change of position
• Reference Point The point on an object used to
  determine its position and change of position.

24
Equations Page

• In your first equation box add
• Distance equation
• d xf xi

25
Part Two

• Air Trolley Graphs

26
Review

• Last time we worked with the air trolleys we were
  able to get them to move from an initial position
  on the line to a final position on the line. The
  amount of change of position between the initial
  and final position was the distance the trolley
  traveled.

27
Questions/Journal Time

• Did all the trolleys travel the same distance?
  Why or why not?
• What variables affected the distance the trolleys
  flew?
• If you were going to measure the distance an air
  trolley flew, where would your xi and xf be?

28
The Distance Project

• The idea that the number of winds affects the
  distance traveled by the air trolley is a good
  one. We can do an experiment to find out if it
  is true. And if it is true, we might be able to
  find out if there is a relationship between the
  number of winds and the distance traveled.
• How could we set up an experiment to find out if
  there is a relationship between winds and
  distance? Work with your table to come up with
  an experiment write your experimental plan in
  your journal.

29
Your Data Table

• What should your data table include?
• Draw a data table in your journal.
• You are going to fill in two data tables, one for
  your journal and one for me.
• The x-axis is for the independent variable, the
  part of the experiment you know
• The y-axis is for the dependent variable

30
Part 3

• Road Race!
• Complete WS 10 and 11
• Assessment is next
• Vocabulary check
• Assessment