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Mars Atmosphere Temperature and Humidity Sounder MATHS

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Title: Mars Atmosphere Temperature and Humidity Sounder MATHS


1
Mars Atmosphere Temperature and Humidity Sounder
(MATHS)
  • Description
  • Develop sub-millimeter wave (557 GHz) up-looking
    radiometer prototype.
  • Provide Martian atmospheric observations
    addressing critical questions in our
    understanding of Martian climate and volatiles
  • Provide essential environmental data for design
    of future Mars Exploration Program (MEP) landers,
    rovers, and aerial platforms.

Radome
200 mm
Dimensions 200 x 100 x 75 mm
Funding Profile (K)
Technology Tasks 1.0 Instrument Design L.
Riley/386 2.0 Science Design M.
Janssen/326 3.0 Receiver Development E.
Schlecht/386 4.0 Backend Development 4.1
IF L. Riley/386 4.2 Electronics R.
Denning/386 5.0 Antenna Mechanical 5.1
Antenna L. Riley/386 5.2 Mechanical TBD/35x 6
.0 Integration Validation TBD/386
FY04-FY06 Critical Milestones FY04 System Design
Complete 5/1/04 Sub-mm Receiver
Complete 9/30/04 FY05 IF Processor Complete
4/1/05 Cal Antenna Complete 5/1/05 Mech.
Thermal Complete 5/1/05 Detector Data Sys.
Complete 8/1/05 FY06 Instrument IT Complete
3/1/06 Environmental Test Complete
6/1/06 Final Report Complete 9/30/06
2
FY04 Milestones
Blue Original schedule Red Actual and revised
schedule
3
Technical Accomplishments
  • Major technical accomplishments for this
    technology area during the last quarter
  • Preliminary science requirements developed
  • Modifications to instrument design as proposed
  • Completed optimization of the instrument system
    design
  • Optimized frequency down conversion plan
  • Defined critical RF component requirements
  • Completed design of antenna optics
  • Defined antenna optical prescription
  • Defined antenna illumination and patterns
  • Completed assembly and test of prototype 557 GHz
    receiver
  • Collected and inventoried spare MIRO receiver
    parts
  • Plated receiver bodies
  • Assembled and tested receiver
  • Began design of advanced MOnolithic
    MEmbrane-Diode (MOMED) 557 GHz receiver
  • Began design of MATHS electronics

4
Significant Events
  • MATHS profiles temperature and humidity in the
    PBL. Proposed requirements were reexamined in
    light of MER results.
  • Temperature is sounded in the 576 GHz CO line
  • ? 0 6 km altitude range
  • ? 2- 5 K accuracy
  • ? 100 m resolution at surface
  • ? 5-min time scale (change from hourly)
  • Water is sounded in the 557 GHz H2O line
  • 0 6 km altitude range
  • 30 relative K accuracy
  • 100 m resolution at surface
  • 5-min time scale (change from hourly)
  • Reexamination led to modifications of instrument
    as proposed
  • Discrete elevation stepping at fewer points to
    speed up data collection
  • Consecutive rather than concurrent sampling of
    the two lines
  • No time saved by concurrent sampling
  • Simplifies instrument (only one channel needed
    instead of two)
  • Modeling of retrieval procedure in progress
  • Atmospheric dynamics model used to generate
    sample cases
  • Forward calculation developed
  • Retrieval algorithm outlined
  • Will be used to develop detailed requirements for
    instrument

5
Significant Events
  • Completed System Design Trade-off Study
  • Developed optimized system architecture
  • Optimized spectral design
  • Analyzed LO spectral performance to minimize line
    interference
  • Considered 12CO, 13CO, H216O, H217O and H218O
    lines.
  • Developed simple design to minimize mass and
    power consumption
  • Is key to design to meet science goals and
    performance requirements
  • System design approach
  • Spectral analysis of CO and H2O lines by stepping
    frequency of first local oscillator
  • Double down conversion with fixed second local
    oscillator
  • Switch to provide alternate measurements of CO
    and H2O lines

6
Significant Events
  • Antenna design completed
  • Designed antenna optical prescription
  • Antenna design was carried out to meet 1.5 degree
    beam width requirement
  • A electromagnetic field analysis program was use
    for simulations
  • Antenna design is critical to meeting MATHS
    atmospheric measurement requirements
  • Antenna characteristics
  • Antenna is 31 mm aperture 90 degree offset
    parabolic reflector fed by a Pickett-Potter horn
  • -30 dB edge illumination gives less than 35 dB
    first sidelobe levels

7
Significant Events
  • Completed assembly and test of brassboard 557 GHz
    receiver
  • Completed brassboard receiver
  • Collected and inventoried MIRO receiver parts
  • 557 GHz mixer body and diodes
  • Frequency tripler
  • 140 GHz Gunn oscillator
  • Subharmonic mixer
  • Got agreement from MIRO Project for use of parts
  • Assembled and tested mixer
  • Integrated and tested receiver
  • Receiver is the most challenging component of the
    instrument
  • Test results indicate adequate performance for
    breadboard instrument
  • Less than 6,000 K double sideband noise
    temperature at relevant frequencies
  • More than 2.3 GHz input frequency tuning range

IF Output
Input Feedhorn
Mixer
Frequency Doubler
140 GHz Gunn Oscillator
Subharmonic Mixer
System Noise Temperature 6,000K
LO Tuning Range ³ 338 MHz
8
Plans for Next Quarter
  • Procure intermediate frequency components
  • Complete assembly of first iteration of MOMED
    mixer
  • Complete assembly and begin test of digital
    control and bias electronics
  • Begin mechanical design of instrument
  • Begin antenna scan mechanism design
  • Begin fabrication of antenna reflector
  • Procure calibration targets

9
Financial Status Obligations Cost
10
Financial Summary
  • Development effort is on schedule
  • Obligation of funds is at a rate lower than
    planned
  • The general plan has been to focus the funding
    during the first year on development of the
    receiver.
  • Receiver development using MIRO residual parts
    started late but took less time and was less
    expensive that originally predicted.
  • With completion of the receiver, work is now
    beginning to focus on other aspects of the
    instrument including intermediate frequency
    components, electronics and mechanical design.
  • It anticipated that an under run will occur this
    FY but that the funding will be used for more
    through test and analysis during the latter two
    years of the project.

11
Action Items/Issues/Concerns
  • No previous review has taken place on this task.
  • Re-plan will be carried out since receiver
    delivery is ahead of schedule.
  • Intermediate frequency and electronics
    development will be accelerated.
  • Mechanical development will be accelerated.
  • More thorough testing will be carried out in the
    validation phase including more measurements of
    simulated Mars atmosphere
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