Batch 1

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The Shewhart Model of a Chance Cause System of
Variation
Batch 1 N Units from the Process
M
Batch 2 N Units from the Process
Batch K N Units from the Process
Production Process
. . .
. . .
Explainable Causes of Variation - Sampling Mules
Sampling Cause System Creating the Sample of n
Units from the Batch
Explainable Causes of Variation - Production
Mules
W
W
W
W
W
M
W
W
W
W
M
M
M
W
W
M
M
W
M
M
M
Unexplainable Causes of Variation - Sampling
Woodpeckers
W
M
M
M
M
Unexplainable Causes of Variation - Production
Woodpeckers
Explainable Causes of Variation - Measurement
Mules
W
W
W
Y
W
M
M
W
Unexplainable Causes of Variation - Measurement
Woodpeckers
Production Cause System Creating the Batches
M
M
Sample of Size n Units from the Batch
Measurement Cause System Creating the Observed
Data Y
2
The Rational Subgrouping Structure

• The General Structure of Rational Subgroups

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