Building a Knowledge and Innovation Society

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Building a Knowledge and Innovation Society

• Prof.Atta-ur-Rahman, FRS
• Federal Minister/Chairman, Higher Education
  Commission
• President, Pakistan Academy of Sciences

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There is a Light at the End of the Tunnel
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EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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Why Science and Technology?

• Science can help feed the hungry, heal the sick,
  contribute to poverty alleviation, protect the
  environment, provide dignity of labour, and
  unleash the creative talents of our youth by
  fostering innovation and entrepreneurship,
  resulting in a satisfying and joyful life

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The Magic of Science

• Biotechnology
• Information Technology
• Material Sciences
• Pharmaceuticals

• Agricultural Biotechnology
• Health Biotechnology

• CERN
• E-Commerce

• Nanotechnology
• Bucky Balls

• Ageing
• Medicinal Plants

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NANOTECHNOLOGY
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MATERIAL SCIENCES
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MOLECULAR MEDICINE
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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
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VISION
Socio-economic development is no longer
dependent on natural resources (eg.Japan,
European countries) KNOWLEDGE has now become the
main driving force of world economies and hence
the basis of socio-economic development INDUSTRIA
LIZATION is the key to high GDP growth (through
innovation / production of high value-added goods
(engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, IT,
Biotechnology, etc.)
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Overarching Approach

• Simultaneous Bi-Modal Approach Required
• Bottom-Up
• Basic Health, Primary Education, Water .
• Top-Down
• Higher Education
• Emphasis on Science Technology
• Industrial Linkages

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Imperatives for Socio-Economic Development
Central Role of Higher Education/ Technology
Development In National Plans-- VISION!!!!
Linkages Between Applied Research Industrial
Development Govt.Facilitating Policies
Socio-Economic Development
Quality /Relevance Of Education/Research STANDARDS
!!
Budgetary Allocations (Min.2 of
GNP)- The-catch-up game!
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Real Wealth--

• Our Children----with a population of 156 million,
  about a 100 million below the age of 25, Pakistan
  is blessed with a huge pool of creativity
• Challenge is to empower them with quality
  education and skills----and provide them
  opportunities to contribute to the process of
  socio-economic development

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Strategy for Economic Development HE,ST
GDP (Billion US)
Population (Million)
Country
Knowledge Based Economies
260
10.2
Belgium
230
8.1
Austria

OIC Countries

160
19.6
Saudi Arabia

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Impact of just one institution----MIT

• MIT graduates and faculty have founded 4000
  companies
• Employ 1.1 million people
• Annual Sales 232 billion
• Collectively these companies are the 24th largest
  economy in the World!

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Pakistan---A Promising Program

• Higher Education budget increased 2000!!!
• Full support from President of Pakistan
• A real beginning after 50 years of lip service

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HEC Plan of Action ACCESS / QUALITY / RELEVANCE

• Faculty Development
• Infrastructure (Free Access to Literature Free
  Access to Sophisticated Instruments, Technology
  Assisted Learning)
• Focused Support in Key Areas
• Linkages to the Economy
• Quality Assurance

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STRATEGY

• 1) BASIC SCIENCES
• Physics,Chemistry,Mathematics,Biology)
• 2) APPLIED SCIENCES
• (Engineering, Agricultural sciences,
  Biotecnology, Information Technology,
  Pharmaceuticals, New Materials, Communications,
  Renewable Energy)
• 3) SOCIAL SCIENCES
• 4)ECONOMICS, FINANCE, MANAGEMENT
• 5) LINKAGES WITH INDUSTRY
• 6) EMPHASIS ON K-ECONOMY---HIGH TECH INDUSTRY!!

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Attracting the Brightest!

• Change in Salary Structures---under Tenure
  Track system salaries of Professors raised to 4
  times of Federal Ministers in government!
• Research Productivity Allowance----based on
  Cumulative Impact Factors during the preceding
  year
• Reversing the Brain Drain----under Foreign
  Faculty Hiring Program 270 eminent
  ex-patriot/other scientists attracted to return
  to Pakistan (salaries upto US 4,000 per month)

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Attracting the Brightest!

• Research Funding (upto US 600,000 per
  international linkage program)
• Guaranteed Jobs to fresh Ph.D.s with higher
  salary structures under tenure track system
• 75 Reduction of Income Tax for all academics

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Training the Brightest!

• Massive Foreign scholarship programs
  initiated---500-1000 students being sent abroad
  annually to top universities in Europe, USA,
  China
• Indigenous Ph.D. programs---expansion of the
  existing Ph.D. output to 1500 per year
• Huge Local Scholarship Programs for Undergraduate
  level studies initiated---Rs.1 Billion to be
  spent!

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Training the Brightest!

• Local Ph.D.s being offered opportunities for
  postdoctoral training in top foreign institutions
• Linkages being established with top Western
  Institutions---50 with British Universities, many
  others
• US 150 million Fulbright program for MS/Ph.D.
  level training in tier 1 universities with
  USA----largest in world

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New Initiatives

• Fulbright scholarship support program (US 150
  million)
• Post-doctoral program Phase-II (700)
• Foreign University Linkage program
• HEC-BC Linkage program (50 linkages)
• New Engineering Universities
• New Law Universities

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Using Technology to Leap-Frog!

• Pakistan Educational Research Network
• Digital Library Program PAKSAT 1 (Pakistans
  Educational Satellite)
• Pakistans Video-conferencing Network

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The IT Strategy
Service to the Citizens
High capacity, reliable and accessible
communications
s and Eabling enviroment
Laws and enabling environment
IT Education

• And an environment that stimulates creativity and
  welcomes advances in the use of Information
  Technology

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From 40 to 1,000 Cities on Optical Fibre
(2000-2005)
SDH/PDH (525/622 Mb/s) backbone being upgraded to
DWDM 10 Gb/s

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Information Technology
Spread of Internet Services in Cities Towns of
Pakistan
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Internet user growth
June 2000 130,000 Oct 2004 6,800,000
Actual users more than 6 Million!
Dial up
Start point
Today
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Plummeting costs.
June 2000 US 87,000/E1 August 2001 US
6,000 October 2004 US 3,800
Now US 2,000/2 Mb/s !
Start point
Today
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Bandwidth Available
August 2000 32 Mb/s Mar 2002 265
Mb/s Oct 2004 1200 Mb/s
today
Start point
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Mobile Telephony---the Effect of one Good
Decision!

• 1992-2000, little Growth(300,000 phones)
• 2001, CPP regime brought in
• Network expansion of 3 million phone-lines
  ordered in 2002 ! Mobilink, U-fone
• Explosive growth continues till today (over 24
  million phones todayhottest sector of the
  economy)

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PAKSAT 1 A major opportunity

• PAKSAT 1
• A MAJOR COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE WITH 34
  TRANSPONDERS
• CAPABLE OF CARRYING 250 TV CHANNELS!!( 4 New TV
  Channels for Education!)
• BACKBONE FOR PERN (Pakistan Educational Researh
  Network)

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Paksat 1
Ku Band
C-Band
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PERN
Pakistan Education Research Network
Core Network Nodes 03 Total Universities
56 (16 OFS, 22 DXX, 17 DRS, 1 VSAT)
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Pakistan Education and Research Network

• Information highway exclusively for universities
• Promote collaborative research and the sharing of
  domain knowledge
• Platform for launching aggressive distance
  education programs
• Platform for Digital Library service for all
  universities

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Virtual University

• 4 Digital Satellite (PAKSAT) TV Channels for
  content delivery (License for 2 granted)
• Satellite Earth Station
• 2 Recording Studios
• Potential for providing high quality training in
  remote areas of Pakistan

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Distance Learning

• MIT Open Courseware
• University of California Television
• E-Books Program
• Virtual University

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Digital Library

• 22,000 full text journalsnation-wide,free-of-char
  ge!!!
• Abstracts of 20,000 journals
• One Window Search Engine
• Web of Science, Scifinder Scholar, EMBASE, IEEE,
  Chem/Biol.Abstracts etc.
• International volunteer lecture program through
  Paksat 1

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Video Lecturing Facility

• Using Technology to Overcome
• Faculty Shortage
• Cost of Travel
• Nation-wide Lecture Series---sharing Faculty!!
• International Lecture Series

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International Video-lecturing Program

• High quality video-conferencing equipment under
  installation
• Series of international lectures (nation-wide) by
  Nobel Laureates and top professors from leading
  universities in USA, Europe, Japan etc. from
  November 2006
• Core Groups in different disciplines formed to
  organise lectures (Maths, Physics, Chemistry,
  Biology etc.)

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Establishment of New Engineering, Science
Technology Universities (UESTP)
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Partner Countries(Coordinating Universities)

• China
• France
• Sweden
• Germany
• Austria
• South Korea
• Netherlands
• Japan
• Italy

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LONG LIVE CHINA PAKISTAN FRIENDSHIP!!!

• China-Pakistan Friendship is deeper than the
  deepest oceans---and higher than the tallest
  mountains---

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??????!??!
Thanks