Solute vs' Solvent

1
Solute vs. Solvent

• Solute The substance being dissolved
• Solvent a liquid capable of dissolving another
  substance (Water is the universal solvent)

2
Permeable vs. Impermeable

• Permeable can pass through a substance
• Impermeable cannot pass through a substance
• Semipermeable?

3
DEMO
4
Diffusion

• Movement of molecules from an area of high
  concentration to an area of lower concentration
• Example skunk, perfume, night after a dinner at
  taco bell!

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Diffusion In Action

• http//gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bio181/BIOBK/Bio
  Booktransp.html
• When molecules of a substance are in equal
  concentrations on both sides of a membrane, the
  molecules are said to have reached dynamic
  equilibrium.

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DEMO (Perfume)

• What molecules moved?
• What direction did the molecules move?
• Location of molecules in the end?

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DEMO (Strainer)

• What molecules moved?
• What direction did the molecules move?
• Location of molecules in the end?

8
DEMO (Food coloring)

• What molecules moved?
• What direction did the molecules move?
• Location of molecules in the end?
• How did heat effect the movement of the
  molecules?
• How did cold effect the movement of the molecules?

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Factors that affect Diffusion

• Temperature
• Size of Particles
• Concentration of Particles (number of molecules
  of a substance in a given volume )

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Osmosis

• The diffusion of Water!

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Why is this important for cells?
                                                
                       Capillary
http//www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html
 
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Plasmolysis
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Types of Solutions

• Hypertonic Solution higher concentration of
  water in the cell than outside the cell
• Hypotonic Solution higher concentration of
  water outside the cell than inside the cell
• Isotonic Solution equal concentrations of water
  inside and outside the cell

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Osmosis In Blood Cells
Lysis
Crenation
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Osmosis In Plant Cells
Plasmolysis
Turgor Pressure
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Passive Transport

• Diffusion and Osmosis
• Molecules that are small but too large to pass
  through the membrane on its own need help from
  transport proteins.

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Active Transport

• Requires energy
• Moves molecules against their concentration
  gradient (from low concentration to high
  concentration).
• http//www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01ce
  llbiology/05pathways/08active/index.shtml

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Endocytosis

• Process by which a cell surrounds and takes in
  material from the environment.

• Pinocytosis
• Cell drinking
• Phagocytosis
• Cell eating

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Exocytosis

• The expulsion or excretion of materials from the
  cell.
• http//www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01ce
  llbiology/05pathways/09endoexo/index.shtml

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Exocytosis
Inside of the cell
Outside of the cell
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Endocytosis and Exocytosis
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How Cells Eat Drink