Canon

1
Canon

• A set of principles, norms, standards or
  guidelines.

2
Five Canons of Public Speaking

• Invention Idea stage.
• Disposition Outline.
• Style Choosing Language
• Memory Rehearsing.
• Delivery Delivering the Speech

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1. Invention

• Consider Your Audience
• Choose a Topic
• Identify Your Purpose
• Gather Speech Materials

4
Choosing a Topic (Invention)

• Understand what is expected
• Reveal something unusual
• Select a significant topic
• Consider the listeners
• Try out your ideas

5
Identify Your Purpose (Invention)

• Inform
• Reinforce
• Persuade
• Entertain

6
Gather Speech Materials (Invention)

• Traditional Sources
• Interviews
• Surveys
• Personal Experiences

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2. Disposition

• Outline
• Connect Your Ideas

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Outline (Disposition)

• Introduction
• Attention Getter
• Preview
• Body
• Conclusion
• Review
• Something Memorable

9
Introduction (Disposition)

• Orient
• Motivate
• Credibility
• Preview

10
Body (Disposition)

• Present and develop major ideas
• Evidence to clarify and support
• Topical, Problem-Solution, Cause-Effect

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Conclusion (Disposition)

• Closure
• Transition
• Review/Tie Together
• Memorable

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Connnectives (Disposition)

• Words and phrases you use to tie your ideas
  together.
• First, next, finally
• After the initial shock

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3. Style

• What is the proper language?
• Occasion
• Audience
• Dont offend
• Technical terms
• Slang

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4. Memory

• Extemporaneous Delivery

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Extemporaneous Delivery (Memory)

• Outline and note cards
• Key ideas
• Words, phrases to jog memory
• Choose language as you go

16
Delivery

• Eye contact
• Facial expressions/Gestures
• No monotone
• Smile
• Conversational
• Pacing
• Emotion/Enthusiasm
• Time limits

17
Rehearse, Rehearse, Rehearse

• You should always practice your speech before
  delivering it in class.

18
Visualization

• Quiet place
• Picture details
• Put yourself in audience
• Confidence
• Positive audience response
• Successful conclusion

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The Five Canons

• Invention Creating the Speech
• Disposition Organizing Speech Materials
• Style Choosing Effective Language
• Memory Learning the Major Ideas
• Delivery Delivering the Speech
• Rank 1-5 easiest to hardest
• Why?

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Active or Critical Listening

• Listening to learn, understand, or get
  information.

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How well do you listen?

• Average listeners recall 25 of what they hear.
• (Roach Wyatt, 1995)
• Average student spends 14 hours a week listening
  in class.
• (University of Duluth)

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Listening

• Most common job skill
• Understanding
• Following instructions
• Success demands good listening skills
• Empowers

23
How can I get better?

• Prepare in advance
• Attention directing strategies
• Enhance meaning
• Organizational patterns
• Personal learning style
• Speakers manner
• Non-Verbal feedback

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Critical Listening

• What is the speakers goal?
• Does this message make sense?
• Where does this info come from?
• What are the benefits of speakers ideas?
• What problems?
• Am I being swayed by emotion?
• Should I trust this speaker?

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Listening Exercise

• What do you remember?

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5 Canons?

• Invention Creating the Speech
• Disposition Organizing Speech Materials
• Style Choosing Effective Language
• Memory Learning the Major Ideas
• Delivery Delivering the Speech

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Student Evaluations

• Peer Evaluation
• Public Speaking
• 2006
• Name of Presenter ________________________________
  _____
• Topic _____________________________________
• On a scale of 1-10, I would rate your
  presentation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
• The major strengths of your presentation were
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• The major areas for improvement in your
  presentation were
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• If I had delivered your presentation, heres what
  I would have done differently
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• One element of your presentation that made me
  wish it had been mine