Royal Blue

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Difference of Color Stability and Fabric Tensile
Strength Endurance of ZP Fabric Exposed to
SunlightPresented byMirko Djordjevic
Sokosokopt_at_aol.com
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Implementation

• To help determine service life of ZP canopies,
• To help determine remaining life and value of
  used ZP canopies,
• To determine if there is any significant
  difference between the colors used during the
  test,
• Fading color esthetic appearance,
• Matching colors for patching purpose.

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Testing Method

• 18 different colors of ZP fabric exposed to
  sunlight in horizontal position, elevated at
  2.70 meters (9 ft) above ground.
• Daylight exposure in mostly sunny sky conditions
  (cloud coverage up to 3/8 and winds up to 11 m/s
  (25 mph))

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• Periodically testing the fabric samples exposed
  to sunlight by
• w/ 40 lb. Tensile Strength Test progressive
  stretching force to maximum of 40 lbs for minimum
  of 3 seconds, until the fabric fails the test, or
  gets broken by wind
• Scanning the fabric and analyzing the color to
  compare the appearance to the naked eye and
  objective color coding, using CMYK printing
  format.

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• 40 lb. Tensile Strength Test
• - As explained in The Parachute Manual Vol. 2, by
  Dan Pointer, Pg. 73.
• - Used on only one point per test direction of
  pull alongside warp fibers.
• Tools
• Fish scale (dynamometer) with sliding indicator
  of maximum force,
• Flat clamps (2)
• Marker to mark the tested areas

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Scanning ZP fabric

• Desktop PC E-machines
• Windows XP Home Edition
• Scanner Visioneer One touch 9420 USB
• Adobe Photoshop 6.0
• To import file scanned picture
• Scanned pictures of different colors saved in
  JPEG format
• Using sampler tool (Adobe Photoshop) to get the
  info of color format in CMYK format
• Average of 3 point sampling calculated with
  spread sheet program
• Info transferred to Power Point.

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CMYK color format
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? C M Y and C M Y K ? Cyan Magenta Yellow
Key - Black
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CMYK Color Code

• Major advantage very easy to understand meaning
  of the numbers
• Each component color may be numerically presented
  in up to 100
• Also easy to represent the results related to
  color change (fading) and to present them
  graphically

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Sun Light
Sunlight appears white to us. But it is a mix of
different colors of light (wavelengths of EM
radiation) balanced so we see it as white. In
some situations, it separates into different
colors Rainbow colors.
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Sun Light Exposure
?
?
UV Violet Blue Green
Yellow Red IR

• Sunlight has three components of EM spectrum
• Visible light is the wave length that our eye can
  detect see. (380 780 nm), (400 700 nm)
• IR Infra red (780nm 1 mm) - mostly heating
  effect,
• UV Ultra Violet (400 200 nm) considered
  being the most chemically active component UV
  damage.
• (UVA 400 315 nm)
• (UVB 315 280 nm)
• (UVC lt 280 nm)

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Light fabric interference
Incoming light
Reflected light
Passed through
Absorbed light

• This interference is for all wave lengths of
  light spectrum
• IR, Visible and UV

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ZP Fabric Colors Used

• Black
• Blackberry
• Royal Blue
• Light Blue
• Yellow
• Gold
• Watermelon
• Neon Pink
• Red

• Navy Blue
• Jade
• Kelly Green
• Lime Green
• Silver
• White
• Lemon
• Tangerine
• Magenta

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First, one of the stable colors

• Royal Blue

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Royal Blue
196.1 hours 404.5 hours 637.5 hours
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These 4 colors did not show stability and lost
strength (failed 40 lb. TST or suffered wind
related damage) after 291 hours of exposure

• - Watermelon - Neon Pink
• - Magenta - Tangerine

If a sport canopy is exposed to sunlight between
6-12 minutes per jump, this gives us 1450 - 2900
jumps of corresponding exposure.
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Neon Pink
99.3 hours 196.1 hours 291.4 hours
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Magenta
99.3 hours 196.1 hours 291.4 hours
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Other colors which showed variable stability but
good strength endurance 700 hours

• This means that canopies manufactured of ZP
  fabric of these colors may resist daylight
  (sunlight) exposure for more than 3500 7000
  jumps.

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Blackberry
196.1 hours 404.5 hours 637.5 hours
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Gold
196.1 hours 404.5 hours 637.5 hours