Soybeans

1
Soybeans!!!
2
Soil Fertility

• pH of 6.2 to 7.0

• pH controls lime (acid), anhydrous
• ammonia (base)

• Potassium - 1.4 lbs. per acre

• Phosphorous - .8 lbs. per acre

-Nitrogen from atmosphere and soil nitrates
3
Excess nitrogen
-slows and even stops nitrogen fixation by
soybean plant.
4
Harvest
by combine, using platform header
5
Drying
Purpose prevent mold, longer
storage life.
6
Drying Requirements
Ideal is 13-16 moisture
-12-20 is acceptable
-Temperature lt 110º F
7
Soybean Diseases -Phytophthora Root
Rot -Sclerotinia Root Rot -Brown Stem
Rot -Phomopsis seed rot -Soybean Cyst Nematode
8
Phytophthora Root Rot
-Caused by fungus from moisture
-First seen in Ohio in 1951
-Common in poorly drained, compacted soils.
9
Phytophthora Root Rot
10
Controlling Phtyo. Root Rot
-Use of fungicides
-Use resistant varieties
-Use well-drained soils
-Keep compaction to minimum
11
Sclerotinia Stem Rot
-caused by sclerotinia fungus
-white mold on dry beans
-discovered in Nebraska
12
Sclerotinia Stem Rot
13
Sclerotinia Stem Rot Prevention
-15 inch row spacing, more air circulation
-Limited crop rotation, prevent spread
-Using resistant varieties
14
Brown Stem Rot
-fungus from crop residue
-can reduce yields as much as 38
15
Brown Stem Rot
16
Brown Stem Rot Prevention
-Intense crop rotation
-Use of no-till
-Use resistant varieties
-Narrow row widths
17
Phomopsis Seed Rot
-Occurs in delayed harvest due to wet, rainy
weather
-Caused by three different fungi, and can survive
winter
18
Phomopsis Seed Rot
19
Phomopsis Seed Rot Prevention
-crop rotation with wheat and corn
-Seed treatment for seed lots with low levels
of infection (70 to 90 germination)
-plow down crop residues for fields with
heavy disease pressure
20
Soybean Cyst Nematode
-microscopic roundworm, 1/64 inch
in length
-penetrates roots and feeds on vascular system.
-cant reproduce without host
21
Soybean Cyst Nematode
22
Soybean Cyst Nematode Prevention
-crop rotation
-plant resistant varieties
-control weed hosts
-maintain balanced fertility
-plant early
-clean equipment