Individual Differences that Influence Motivation

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Individual Differencesthat Influence Motivation

• Needs achievement, power, affiliation
• Locus of control internal versus external
• Self-efficacy
• Self-esteem self-actualization
• Preferences for intrinsic or extrinsic rewards
• Perceptions of fairness

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THE JOB CHARACTERISTICS MODEL
Strength of Employee Growth Need
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Equity Theory
Perceived Ratio Comparisona
Employees Assessment
Outcomes A Inputs A Outcomes A Inputs A Outcomes
A Inputs A
Outcomes B Inputs B Outcomes B Inputs B Outcomes
B Inputs B
lt
Inequity (Under-Rewarded)

Equity
gt
Inequity (Over-Rewarded)
aPerson A is the employee, and person B is a
relevant other or referent.
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Take Home Points

• Individual differences impact motivation
• Match people to jobs
• Set specific challenging goals
• Individualize rewards
• Link - performance to effort
  - rewards to performance
• Be aware of inequity