WSSD Module 3

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WSSD Module 3 Disaster Management and
Conflict Program Update Sustainable Development
in Africa
Dr. Bruce A. Davis NASA, Stennis Space
Center and Stephen D. Ambrose NASA
Headquarters Office of Science
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Outline of Talk

• Introduction
• National and International Priorities
• Decision Support Systems and Tools
• Integrated Systems Solutions/Engineering
• Module 3 Activities and Goals
• Summary

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Remote Sensing Spacecraft Observatories
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Sun-
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Earth System Models
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Observation Data System Infrastructure
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Turning Observations into Knowledge Products
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National Priorities in a Global Context
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GEOSS Global Earth Observation System of Systems
EarthObservationsSummit
Observationsto Usersto Benefits
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Applied Sciences Program

• www.earth.nasa.gov/eseapps

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Decision Support Systems

• Build relationships, both spatial and
  process-based, between different types of data,
• Merge multiple data layers into synthetic
  information,
• Weigh outcomes from potentially competing
  alternatives
• Forecast/Predict
• To do this a spatial decision-support system uses
  three basic elements
• data
• known relationships between data, and
• analysis functions and models to synthesize
  relationships or to test scenarios of different
  policy or decision-making alternatives.

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Integrated System Solutions
Earth System Models

• Land
• Oceans
• Atmosphere
• Coupled

Decision Support Tools

• Assessments
• Decision-Support Systems
• Scenario Analysis

Data
Earth Solar Observatories
Exploration Decisions

• Satellite
• Airborne
• In Situ

Agencies with Decision Support tools
NASA and Research Partners
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Integrated System Solutions Disaster Management
EARTH SYSTEM MODELS
DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS

• Weather FVGCM, ETA-12, WRF
• Hurricane HURSIM, HWind, HUREVAC
• Earthquake/Landslide MMI, QuakeSim, GPS
• Flood SLOSH, FLDWAVE, SBEACH, WAVEWATCH III,
  STWAVE, HURSURGE
• Damage Cost Models ATC-13
• Wildfire FARSITE, BEHAVE
• Terrain BARC

Predictions
NOAA/AWIPS (Automated Weather Information
Processing System)

• Weather prediction and observations
• Weather watches and warnings
• Data Dissemination Assimilation, models
• Public Access to information

• Hazard Maps
• Earthquake vulnerability and prediction
• Flooding and coastal inundation
• Hurricane/Typhoon Track and Intensity
• Precipitation amount
• Wind Velocity/Direction
• Surface Deformation

VALUE BENEFITS

• Identify/Prioritize high-risk communities
• Reduction in lives and property lost
• Reduction in damage cost and time to recovery
• Anticipate the scope of disaster-related damage
• Improve disaster response
• Community Planning
• Land Resource preservation

Supported Non-NASA Model
DHS/FEMA HAZUS-MH Hazards U. S.

• Disaster Mitigation/ Preparedness
• Built Environment risk loss
• Socio-economic impacts

• Atmospheric Temperature Water Vapor, Winds
• Severe Weather (Lightning)
• Volcanic Ash
• Aerosols, Smoke
• Cloud Properties
• Global Precipitation
• Land/Terrain/Use/Veg
• Aquifers
• Wetlands

MONITORING MEASUREMENTS

• Land Surface Topography/Land Use/Cover LandSat
  SRTM, ASTER, TERRA/AQUA, AVHRR, AURA
• Wind/Weather QuickSCAT, GOES, AURA, NPP, NPOESS,
  GOES-R
• Ocean Surface Height/Waves Topex-Poseidon
• Global/Regional Precipitation TRMM, AVHRR, GOES,
  DMSP, GPM

USDA/Forest Service RSAC - Remote Sensing
Applications Center

• Wildfire location/intensity
• Post Fire Recovery
• Strategic/Tactical Operations

Observations
Future Mission
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Integrated System Solutions WSSD Module 3
Africa (Sample)
EARTH SYSTEM MODELS
VALUE BENEFITS
DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS

• Weather/Wind
• Earthquake/Landslide
• Flood
• Wildfire
• Population/Demographics
• Topography

Predictions

• Identify/Prioritize high-risk areas
• Reduction in lives and property lost
• Reduction in damage cost and time to recovery
• Anticipate the scope of disaster-related damage
• Improve disaster response
• Community Planning, population
• Land Resource preservation

• FEWS-NET Famine Early Warning System
• LEWS Livestock Early Warning System
• Miombo Network
• MARA Mapping Malaria Risk in Africa
• CBNRM Community Based Natural Resource
  Management

• Hazard Maps
• Earthquake vulnerability and prediction
• Flood inundation
• Hurricane/Typhoon Track and Intensity
• Precipitation amount
• Wind Velocity/Direction
• Surface Deformation

• Atmospheric Temperature Water Vapor, Winds
• Severe Weather (Lightning)
• Volcanic Ash
• Cloud Properties
• Population amounts
• Precipitation
• Land/Terrain/Use/Veg
• Aquifers
• Wetlands

MONITORING MEASUREMENTS

• Land Surface Topography/Land Use/Cover LandSat
  SRTM, ASTER, TERRA/AQUA, AVHRR, AURA, EVISAT,
  AlSAT-1, LDCM
• Wind/Weather QuickSCAT, GOES, AURA, NPP, NPOESS,
  GOES-R
• Ocean Surface Height/Waves Topex-Poseidon
• Global/Regional Precipitation AVHRR, GOES, DMSP,
  GPM

Observations
Future Mission
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Benchmark Solutions Program Plan

• Evaluation Identify decision support tools
  (assessments and DSSs) that have been developed
  by partners that are a priority to society and
  that can be enhanced by NASA science results.
  Develop the specifications for how the candidate
  DSS can be augmented by assimilating NASA ESE
  observations and predictions.
• Verification A life cycle process to ensure the
  products being developed meet the stated
  specifications (functional, performance, and
  design).
• Validation A process to ensure the completed
  products (software, algorithm, model) effectively
  serve the functional requirements.
• Benchmark A standard by which a product can be
  measured or judged (i.e., How did the DSS that
  assimilated NASA or other measurements compare in
  its operation, function, and performance to the
  earlier version?). The benchmarking process is
  required to support adoption of innovative
  solutions into operational environments that
  affect life and property.

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DSS Evaluation Process

• Inventory
• Missions
• Sensors
• Products
• Models

DSS Identification
Individual Contacts Phone Email
Web Searches Literature Searches

• DSS Baseline One Page
• Development for all DSSs
• Short Description of Function
• Owner
• National Application
• POC Information
• Operational Date
• Potential Use of remote sensing Data
• Application Readiness Level
• Funding Level
• Users

• First look Evaluation
• Application Relevance
• DSS Synergy
• DSS Inputs Outputs (technical requirements)
• Contributions
• Define Next Steps (Partner Visit)

• Coordination
• Meetings with DSS owner
• Perform detailed requirements definition with DSS
  owner

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VV and Benchmarking

• VV
• Integrate remote sensing capabilities into DSS
• Generate DSS products, solutions, outputs
• Verify Results compare to technical
  specifications
• In situ measurements
• Cross comparisons to other DSSs, models, other
  data sources
• Validate Does it meet functional desires?
• Interaction with end users

• Benchmark
• Measure/Quantify impact of result of NASA input
• Cost to operate/cost savings
• Time to product results
• Accuracy, quality, and reproducibility of results
• Socioeconomic impact
• Fills a previously unmet need

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Module 3 Project Concept

• An Integrated Systems Approach A systems
  engineering approach to evaluate, verify,
  validate, and benchmark the chosen processes for
  disaster management (in this case water
  management).
• Not dependent on one country (partnership and
  leveraging of multiple countries, especially the
  African community).
• Leads to an understanding of the utility of
  certain datasets and leads to partnerships
  between agencies/countries with resources.
• Utilizes Research and Operational Data Sets
  (DAACs, etc)
• In Concert with Earth Observation Summit
  (IWGEO/GEO/GEOSS) Goals

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Goals of Module 3

• Build on existing work to produce reliable data
  products on atmosphere, land, fresh water, oceans
  and ecosystems to improve disaster management and
  environmental effects of conflicts
• Improve the world-wide reporting and archiving of
  these data, utilize existing and planned earth
  observation systems, and fill observational gaps
  of coverage in existing systems
• Favor interoperability with reciprocal
  data-sharing and archiving
• Understand the impact of disasters on economic,
  social, and political structures
• Provide earth observations and geospatial data
  for humanitarian interests
• Build a sustainable program with lasting effects.

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WSSD Module 3 Implementation Approach

• Module 3 collaboration with Module 2 (Water
  Management) Water is important to society but as
  we know, too little is bad, and too much is bad.
• Drawing on knowledge of Module 2 plan, and
  extensive knowledge of the user communities in
  Africa.
• Leveraging existing NASA collaborations at major
  research universities to engage in pilot project
  prototype methods development using earth
  observation data.
• Including ideas from the research community to
  contribute to this effort in a coordinated
  fashion.

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Still To Be Done

• Evaluate projects and proposals against
  priorities satisfactory to the 2 modules and
  TIGER.
• Select the best of for project development.
• Engage with Module 2/TIGER for team/collaboration
  with user community to propose joint projects.
• Coordinate with UNESCO and others, to enable
  international funding needs (i.e. travel support
  for training/collaborations where needed)

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Activities for 2004/2005

• Module 3 participation in United Nations
  International Workshop on the Use of Space
  Technology for Disaster Management Munich
  Germany, 18-22 October, 2004 (We are here)
• Module 3 participation in the Second TIGER
  Workshop, TIGER 2004 in Pretoria, South Africa,
  8-10 November 2004.
• Conduct surveys of disaster management practices.
• Include the U. S. Federal Emergency Management
  Agency (FEMA) to consider access to HAZUS-MH in
  Africa. (In Progress)
• Leverage current work at NASA and University
  partnerships/grants to establish projects with
  near term results. (Underway and progress will be
  presented in Pretoria)

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Summary

• NASA is very happy to be a part of WSSD and this
  effort.
• We will leverage our current activities in Module
  3 and those of Module 2/TIGER.
• We will extend the benefits of science research
  and satellite technologies to society.
• We will take an systems solutions/engineering
  approach to evaluate, verify/validate the data
  and tools and benchmark these results.
• Besides advancing applications related to DSSs
  and decision tools, we will support a better
  understanding of the social impacts of
  disaster/water management.

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THANK YOU!Danke!Merci!Email
sambrose_at_nasa.gov