Adaptations and Constraints

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Topic 9

• Adaptations and Constraints

. so justly excite our admiration. Darwin
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http//www.pbs.org/cgi-registry/2wgbh/evolution/li
brary/search.cgi?videoyes
camouflage
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Some adaptations
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Darwins Madagascar Orchid
Angraecum_sesquipedale
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The Amazing Pandas Thumb
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Tetrapod Evolution
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• Actinopterygians (ray fin)
• Sarcopterygians (lobe fin with single rod
  lungfish)
• --gt evolved into tetrapod limb

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http//www.pbs.org/cgi-registry/2wgbh/evolution/li
brary/search.cgi?videoyes
fish with fingers
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1. Hypothesis testing and experimentation

• why are desert plants hairy or spiny?
• what are possible hypotheses? How to test?

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Character is advantageous even in primitive form
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Evolution of the Eye
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http//www.pbs.org/cgi-registry/2wgbh/evolution/li
brary/search.cgi?videoyes
eye evo
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• Why do human females have to urinate so much
  during pregnancy?

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"The Spandrels of San Marco the Panglossian
Paradigm a Critique of the Adaptationist
Program" Gould Lewontin (1979)
Voltaires Candide Dr. Pangloss (best of all
possible worlds)
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The roughly triangular wall space between two
adjacent arches
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