RELATIVE CLAUSES

1
RELATIVE CLAUSES

• HOW CAN WE CREATE A RELATIVE CLAUSE?

2
Types of Relative Clauses

• Defining
• Non-defining

3
THE LINKERS

• Basic
• THAT
• WHO
• WHICH
• (OMISSION)
• ADVERBIALS
• WHERE
• WHY
• WHEN
• WHOSE

• DEFINING
• NON-DEFINING

4
Defining or Non-defining?

• When the relative clause is necessary to
  understand the sentence completely
• When the relative clause adds some extra
  information but it is not essential to understand

NON-DEFINING
DEFINING
5
Defining Clauses

• When the relative refers to a person
• The man who lives next door has a dog
• The man that lives next door has a dog
• When the relative refers to a thing or animal
• My mother bought the cottage which has three
  tall palms
• My mother bought the cottage that has three tall
  palms

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Relative Omission

• We can omit if and only if
• the relative clause is Defining.
• the relative is not adverbial
• the relative is not subject of the clause
• there is no preposition before the relative.

NO
yes
I saw the car you told me about on tv
7
Non-Defining

• It is always a clause refered to a person, thing
  or animal totally identified.
• Mr. Smith, who lives in Norwich, was once my
  proffesor
• The White House, where the president of the USA
  lives, is in Washington
• Mickey Mouse, which is a very famous pet, has
  been on tv for many years.

remember always between commas
8
Averbial Relatives

• TIME when
• I remember the times when we danced together at
  the disco

• PLACE where
• The city where I study is not my hometown

• POSSESION whose
• The girl whose parents you talked to were my work
  collegues.

• REASON why
• We will never know the reason why she didn't come
  to the party