Review

1
Review of Acids
2
HCl Strong Acid HCl ? H
Cl- 0.10 M 0.10 M pH -LogH 1.0
No ICE HF Weak Acid HF ? H
F- I 0.10 M 0 0 C x x x E 0.10
- x x x small Ka x2 3.5 x 10-4 x
0.005916 M 0.10 pH -Log0.005916
2.23
3
NaOH Strong Base NaOH ? Na
OH- 0.20 M 0.20 M pOH -LogOH-
0.70 No ICE NH3 Weak Base NH3 H2O ?
NH4 OH- I 0.20 M 0 0 C x
x x E 0.20 - x x x small
Kb x2 Kb Kw 1.0 x 10-14 1.786 x
10-5 0.20 Ka 5.6 x 10-10 x
0.001890 M pOH -Log0.001890
2.73 pH 11.27
4
CaO Basic Anhydride CaO H2O ? Ca(OH)2
SO2 Acid Anhydride SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
Salts NaCl neutral salt NaCl ? Na
Cl-
KCN basic salt CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- hydrolysis
NH4Cl acidic salt NH4 H2O ?
H3O NH3 hydrolysis
5
FeCl3 acidic salt Fe(H2O)63 ? H
Fe(H2O)5(OH)2 hydrolysis- copy off chart!
Know the pH scale 0 7 14 HCl HF
NaCl NH3 NaOH Assuming 1M
6
Buffers Maintain the pH Weak Acid Salt (
conjugate) HF KF HF ? H
F- High Low High Indicator Change colour
with pH HInd ? H
Ind- Acid Low Basic
7
Indicators Change colour with pH methyl
red HInd ? H Ind- red yellow
page 7 _at_ trans pt HInd Ind- colour
is orange and Ka H pH 4.8
6.0 5.4 2 Ka H 10-5.4
4 x 10-6
8
Acid Rain SO2 NO2 pH ? 5 Normal
Rain CO2 pH 6 Amphriprotic H2C2O4 acid
HC2O4- ampriprotic C2O42- base Is HC2O4-
an acid or base? Ka (HC2O4-) 6.4 x 10-5 Kb
(HC2O4-) 1.0 x 10-14 1.7 x
10-13 5.9 x 10-2 acid
9
Is NH4CH3COO an acid or base? Ka (NH4) 5.6
x 10-10 Kb (CH3COO-) 1.0 x 10-14 5.6
x 10-10 1.8 x 10-5 neutral
10
100.0 mL 0.100 M H2SO4 is mixed with 220.0 mL of
0.100 M NaOH. What is the pH of the resulting
solution? H2SO4 2NaOH 0.1000 L x
0.100 mole 0.2200 L x 0.100 mole 1 L
1 L I 0.0100 mole 0.0220 mole C 0.0100
mole 0.0200 mole E 0 mole 0.0020
mole NaOH 0.0020 mole 0.00625 M 0.320
L pOH 2.20 pH 11.80
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Complete the reaction and state if the reactants
or products are favoured. HCO3-
HSO3- Base Acid HCO3- HSO3- ?
H2CO3 SO32- weaker weaker stronger
stronger base acid acid base Reactants
are favoured
12
Know the Equations E H2O ? H
OH- Kw HOH- 1.0 x 10-14 pH
-LogH pOH -LogOH- H 10-pH
OH- 10-pOH pH pOH pKw 14
_at_ 25 oC _at_ other temperatures pure water is
always neutral H OH- pH pOH
? 7